INFORMATION MEDIA AS A PUBLIC COMMUNICATION IN FIRE MITIGATION IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN

South Kalimantan is one of the regions in Indonesia that has a high vulnerability to fire disasters. The Fire Disaster Management Agency is an agency that has a major role as an early warning system in the process of mitigating fire disasters in South Kalimantan. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of the five elements of communication according to Harold Laswell and information media as a public communication channel carried out by the Regional Disaster Management Agency/ Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) of South Kalimantan. The research method used was a qualitative descriptive approach. The results show that in the process of mitigating fire disasters in South Kalimantan Province, the Regional Disaster Management Agency/ Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) of South Kalimantan Province has carried out a public communication process by implementing all elements of communication including presenting Information Media as a communication channel through direct communication with the community in the area. disaster or using conventional communication channels such as leaflets, disaster pocketbooks as well as mass and digital media communication channels such as radio and social media. This research is expected to be a recommendation from the BPBD of South Kalimantan Province in improving the Communication and Education process to the Community both before the disaster occurs, when it occurs and after the disaster occurs.


INTRODUCTION
South Kalimantan Province is one of the provinces in Indonesia which is an area prone to disasters, especially fire disasters.The forest and land fires that occurred in South Kalimantan were quite large due to the existing conditions of the area, most of which were forest and peatland areas that were flammable (Rosalina et al., 2019).Fires can be caused by several factors including the dry season, the construction of canals on peatlands, and human intention in accelerating plantation opening (Marnelly., 2019).The frequency of fires and the high level of losses caused by the South Kalimantan fires need attention from the local government, this is because areas that are vulnerable to fire hazards are usually characterized by dense physical conditions of buildings, irregular building patterns, and low building quality, coupled with the lack of facilities for firefighting (Latifah and Pamungkas., 2013).
Mitigation against disasters is very necessary in order to reduce the risk and impact of fires that occur in the environment around the fire location (Yuliarti and Anggraini., 2021).Mitigation that can be done is prevention through the transfer of information related to activities that must be carried out in order to minimize the causes of fire disasters.The problem in disseminating information and messages in disaster mitigation is related to the use of effective communication or not.In general, communication is considered effective when the stimuli conveyed and intended by the sender or source are closely related to the stimuli that are captured and understood by the recipient (Hendra et al., 2018).One indicator of the success of communication is a change in behavior in the community after the communication occurs (Yulia, 2018).
Communication is needed so that information that should be conveyed to the public can be circulated well, is it by using media or directly is the way taken so that the intended purpose the target can be delivered well (Hasan et al., 2019).Communication is an activity that is commonly carried out by all people, whether they live in urban or rural areas, whether they live in areas far from disasters or prone to disasters.This is because, through communication, people can connect with all humans, both in daily family life, at work, in the midst of society, or anywhere there are humans.There is no exception to the activity of communicating.(Sumual et al., 2020).Communication can be understood as the process of delivering messages, ideas, ideas, or information to others by using certain means or channels in order to influence and change the behavior of the recipient of the message or communicant (Valdiani, 2018).
The government is one of the most important elements in ensuring the delivery of information to the public.The process of delivering information to the public in terms of communication is called public communication.Various information related to government policies is important to be disseminated to the community before it is implemented so as not to become confusing and prevent misunderstandings in the community.-Fikri., 2021).
The management of public communication is a manifestation of the realization of citizens' rights to information.Every agency in Indonesia needs to collectively manage public communications to build "a well informed society" to realize the rights of these citizens.Therefore, ministries, institutions, and local governments need to take three strategic steps; (1) Dissemination of communication systems, (2) Development of communication infrastructure, and (3) public communication (Priyatna et al.. 2020).
Optimal management of public communication will provide a good understanding for the public.The role of public communication as a means to share initial information as a disaster mitigation process is certainly very much needed by the BPBD of South Kalimantan Province, given the high possibility of fires in the area.To reach all levels of society BPDB Kalimantan province, of course, requires the management of information related to fire disasters so that it can be evenly distributed throughout the community.The effectiveness of government communication to the public is supported by the openness of information and data that the public has the right to own.An open government is not only carried out during normal situations but also in crisis or disaster situations (Bakri,. 2020).Thus, the need for seriousness from related parties to make the management of public communication in government agencies run effectively, especially at the South Kalimantan Provincial Disaster Management Agency office.
The management of public communication is of course very closely related to information and communication media.In modern society today is almost impossible not to be exposed to the media.
Whether we realize it or not, the media with all its content is present to be a part of human life.Along with the times, the presence of the media is increasingly diverse and growing (watie, 2016).

METHOD
This study uses a qualitative approach because the data collected by the researcher is in the form of words, pictures or objects, and not the numbers described.The purpose of qualitative research is to gain a general understanding of social revelation from the participant's perspective (Ruslan, 2010).Primary data was obtained from direct interviews with the secretary of the Regional Disaster Management Agency of South Kalimantan Province, while secondary data was obtained from information media documents released by Regional Disaster Management Agency/ Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) of South Kalimantan and news published in the official BPBD media.
This study will focus on how the communication and use of information media is carried out by the Regional Disaster Management Agency/ Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) of South Kalimantan Province in mitigating fire disasters in the South Kalimantan Province.This research is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach.Researchers collected primary data through interviews with informants from BPBD to obtain information related to public communication information media used in conveying disaster-related messages to the public.while for secondary data, the researcher looks at public communication activities carried out through official information channels by BPBD, both in the form of conventional media and online media.(Roskusumah, 2013) such as social media produced its reach is much wider and real-time.In more detail, the subject of this study is the South Kalimantan Provincial Disaster Management Agency, while the object of research is the information media used by BPBD in the process of public communication with the community.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Activities carried out in order to serve the public interest can be categorized as public First, , "who" is the actor or communicator who has the obligation to convey information related to the process of preventing and managing fire disasters in the Province of South Kalimantan.
The communicator can be referred to as a messenger or in a message source communication process.
The actor or communication that conveys it must be fixed and unchanged, this is to maintain public trust, avoid confusion and consistency of policy information that reaches the public or the communicant (Wahyono & Aditia., 2022).The communication referred to here is of course with related government officials, namely the South Kalimantan Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD).
In the process of conveying information at BPBD, there are no specific provisions for communicators in the Public Relations position who manage communications, if there are questions that must be answered, the information that needs clarification will be analyzed first, the questions are directed to the appropriate field. .The selection of online media such as Instagram as a means of disseminating disaster-related news and information in the context of prevention is very appropriate.Currently, people choose trusted online media to find information.In addition, the selection of online media is influenced by its characteristics (Mulyadi and Avicenna., 2021).This allows an agency as a news source to provide fast and accurate information to the general public to meet the information needs of the community.
Today's digital era brings many conveniences for the community, especially in finding information (Setiawan, 2017).Access to information facilitated by digital technology has made it easier for various groups to carry out activities they can do in a freely controlled manner.Dissemination of information in the management of public communications is not only through a single narrative content, but also through priority programs through online media.The Most of the implementers of public communication disseminate program information to the public through online media.This step is very appropriate considering the current condition of society which is regularly connected to the internet as a medium of information.In particular, Internet properties are not limited to geographic areas and can be accessed in real time or at events.This is a challenge for government public relations to disseminate information quickly, including various government programs to meet citizens' information needs in real-time.(Priyatna et al., 2020).
In an effort to disseminate information related to disaster prevention and management, according to findings in the field, the source of information that is more accessible to the people of South Kalimantan is a social media page managed by the Provincial Government, namely Instagram @laporpaman (picture 6), from Instagram there will be various complaints, questions and other important matters are submitted to the BPBD of South Kalimantan Province.Fourth, "to whom" Every communication process, involves the analysis of communication objects.Who is the audience for new media communications?What are their characteristics?We have to think about these questions to build an accurate audience model.Due to the age of the audience, culture, education, aesthetics (Wenxiu, 2015) Information on disaster prevention and management is conveyed by the government.Based on the results of interviews, there are several channels or targets of information by the government, the estuary of information is actually the community.However, in its realization, the Regional Disaster Management Agency/ Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) of South Kalimantan Province has the responsibility to convey information to the Regional Leadership in this case the Governor of South Kalimantan Province, responding to the Daily Report which is written and will be released by the Ministry of Information and Communication/Kementrian Komunikasi dan Informasi (Kominfo) of South Kalimantan Province through the media.official.And in addition will answer questions directly if there are interviews conducted by journalists incidentally.
Fifth, "Effects" relate to the results that can be seen from the communication message as the influence received or rejected after the information is conveyed (Caropeboka, 2017).Effect of In conveying public information related to disaster mitigation, the government has carried out information dissemination activities, including (1) pre-disaster, the government has used information media such as pamphlets, disaster pocket books to convey information and educate the public in anticipation of disaster prevention as well as special training for families disaster resilient (KATANA) and Disaster Resilient Village (Destana); (2) When it occurs, the initial information related to the disaster which was previously preceded by an early warning, is a form of anticipation and continuity of public information related to the disaster that is carried out, and (3) Post-disaster, the Disaster Management Agency/Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) South Kalimantan consistently provides information related to recovery for victims and prevention if a disaster occurs again.This is done directly through the provincial government or by making the most of all information channels, such as radio and online/social media.

CONCLUSION
Based on the findings in the field both in the form of interviews and related data documentation, it can be concluded that: 1 communication.Public communications programs use communication to inform or persuade, build relationships, and facilitate open dialogue within organizations or communities for long-term solutions.It does this by creating a winning message through the application of good research, theory, technical know-how and design principles.Many public communication activities in the context of disaster mitigation are mediated by the media, this is because the BPBD is a regional institution whose authority is under the authority of the provincial government, so that information directly related to the community is outside their authority.related to the community's need for information, this is fulfilled through several social media platforms.According to Dennis Dijkzeul and Mark Moke, public communication itself is defined as activities and communication strategies aimed at target audiences.The purpose of public communication is to provide information to the target audience and to increase awareness and influence the attitude or behavior of the target audience.In short, public communication is a strategic Astinana Yuliarti, Erma Asriyani MetaCommunication: Journal of Communication Studies P-ISSN : 2356-4490 Vol 8 No 1 Maret 2023 E-ISSN : 2549-693X tool consisting of the use of different media in an overall communication campaign to convey a certain message to a specific audience.Comparing interpersonal or group communication with public communication, public communication is a consistent, formal and goal-oriented type of communication.Based on Harold Laswell's communication model (Arni, 2005), there are five (5) aspects in the process of communication, including (1) who; (2) say what; (3) in what media/channel; (4) to whom and (5) what effect.If we describe these 5 aspects in the communication process carried out by the regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), we get the following research results

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Pamphlet of Forest and Land Fire Alert

Figure 6 .
Figure 6.Official Instagram of kalimantan Selatan Government @laporpaman Public Communication Management is one of the efforts that must be made by the government in preventing and overcoming fire disasters.The management of public communications by the Government is regulated in Presidential Instruction (Inpres) Number 9 of 2015 concerning the Management of Public Communications.This Presidential Instruction was made in order to support the success of the Working Cabinet, absorb public aspirations, and accelerate the delivery of information on government policies and programs.
related to fire prevention and management in South Kalimantan Province.From the results of extracting information in the field, researchers see that the South Kalimantan provincial government has carried out information disclosure and two-way communication with the community through various communication media features, especially social media.So that the community can submit complaints, various complaints and can quickly get valid information related to disaster events in an area in South Kalimantan Province. communication . Regional Disaster Management Agency/ Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) of South Kalimantan Province has used all elements of communication in implementing public communication in fire disaster mitigation in South Kalimantan Province 2. Media Information as a communication channel has been carried out through direct communication with the community in disaster areas or using conventional communication channels such as leaflets, disaster pocket books as well as mass and digital media communication channels such as radio and social media.ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author would like to express sincere gratitude to the University Lambung Mangkurat, especially the Institute for Research and Community Service/Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LPPM) for supporting this service through the Mandatory Research Lecturer Program/Program Dosen Wajib Meneliti PDWM scheme in 2022 with a contract number 023.34/UN8.2/PL/2022.