Overview of School Sanitation Facilities Readiness During The Corona Virus Disease 19 Pandemic

Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) is a virus that can spread rapidly from human to human. Adequacy of Sanitation Facilities will support the process of preventing transmission. The plan to reopen schools will have the potential to become a cluster of COVID-19 transmission, if not supported by adequate sanitation facilities. The research objective was to analyze the readiness of school sanitation facilities related to CTPS facilities in the prevention of COVID-19 at SMK Negeri 1 Lubuk Linggau city. This study is a qualitative descriptive study with an observational approach. Information is obtained through in-depth interviews, observation, and document review. The data analysis used is content analysis with the triangulation method. The results showed that the CTPS facility was available but not equipped with a sink, no drying equipment, and the conditions were poorly maintained. The provision of hand sanitizer-based CTPS facilities has been budgeted for with BOS funds. In the implementation of CTPS, there are still school members who do not know how to wash their hands properly and correctly. The school has prepared spare masks, thermogenic as an effort to prevent COVID-19. The implementation of COVID-19 prevention has not been optimal because there are still school residents who do not optimally implement health protocols in education units.


INTRODUCTION
Beginning of 2020 Corona Virus from Wuhan appeared and spread around the world. 1 The virus spread fast all around the world and make Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) determine pandemic status for this disease.
2 COVID-19 can cause infections in the respiratory tract, both mild such as flu and colds to deadly properties such as MERS and SARS. 3,4 The number of sufferers of this disease continues to increase in Indonesia. 5 Various efforts are designed to control this disease and to prevent the spread of COVID-19, the World Health Organization (WHO), China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and others strongly recommend that people wash their hands with running water and soap. 6,7 Sanitation of the school environment is a component in preventing infectious diseases such as COVID- 19 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of School Environmental Health, there are eleven requirements, one of which is school sanitation requirements. 8 School sanitation is closely related to the implementation of clean and healthy living behavior. Clean and healthy living behavior is a tangible manifestation of the healthy paradigm in the living culture of a person or group of people who are healthoriented to improve and protect their health. 9 Regulation of the Minister of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia Number 24 of 2007 concerning the standard of educational facilities and infrastructure, there are several parts where one of them is sanitation facilitiesi. 10 Environmental sanitation facilities in schools are not infrequently ignored even though the state of sanitation plays an important role in the health level of students, if the environmental sanitation facilities in a school are bad then this can have a bad impact on the health level of both students and educators, and can interfere with the health of the students. comfort in learning activities at school. Therefore, environmental health sanitation facilities are needed by schools such as clean water supply facilities, use of healthy latrines, and handwashing facilities with soap. 11 According to Deziel, Allen 12 in risk management, handwashing with soap can be an effort to control risk at the engineering controls stage. In the hierarchy of risk control, handwashing with soap is the third level. When elimination and substitution cannot be done. Thus, existing school sanitation facilities must meet health requirements by predetermined regulations to support the implementation of environmental health and to prevent disease transmission in schools.
Handwashing with soap is a sanitation activity carried out by someone to clean hands using running water and soap from bacteria and dirt to avoid disease. According to WHO, hand washing with clean running water and soap can reduce the risk of diarrhea and other infectious diseases by up to 50%. If practiced properly, washing hands with soap is an effective way to prevent diseases such as diarrhea, intestinal worms, flu, hepatitis A, and other infectious diseases such as  The plan to reopen schools has the potential to become a cluster of COVID-19 transmission if it is not supported by adequate sanitation facilities, as well as the maximum implementation of health protocols and closely monitored. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the readiness of school sanitation facilities in preventing COVID-19 at Vocational state school No 1 of Lubuk Linggau.

METHOD
This study is a qualitative study that is descriptive with a case study approach by analyzing the readiness of school sanitation facilities to COVID-19 prevention efforts in SMK Negeri 1 Kota Lubuklinggau conducted in August 2020 for 5 working days. Determination of informants in this study by purposive sampling, where the researchers set the criteria of the informant before the determination of the informant. Criteria for the selection of informants in research such as residents of SMK Negeri 1 Kota Lubuklinggau, and understanding about sanitation facilities in SMK Negeri 1 Kota Lubuklinggau, and about the COVID-19 outbreak. Then the informant will be asked questions about readiness in the prevention of the COVID-19 outbreak in the school environment following their respective jobs and functions. The research informant consists of 2 key informants (the principal and deputy principal of facilities and infrastructure and 3 ordinary informants, namely students. The data sources in this study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data retrieval is done using interview guidelines and observation sheets. Secondary data is respondent data, and research location profiles. Data analysis is done from the time the data collection lasts until the end of the study. If the answer to the interview output after the analysis is considered unsatisfactory, then the researcher provides additional questions in more depth, until credible data is obtained. Data obtained from in-depth interview results and observation results are analyzed using tables/matrices containing summary results of in-depth interviews and observations made in the field. The data is then analyzed by content analysis methods and presented in narrative form for interpretation. Data analysis is done interactively and continues continuously until complete, so the data is saturated using the Miles and Huberman method. Data from indepth interview results in the form of recordings and notes will be summarized and presented in the form of a narrative that is moved in the form of a summary matrix and interpretation grouped according to the question and purpose of the research. While the data from observations and photovoice will be analyzed and combined with the results of interviews to be assessed whether it is appropriate. The discussion was conducted by comparing the results obtained with theories on library reviews and research results with similar topics that have been done by other researchers. The data in this study are both primary and secondary presented in the form of text, tables, and images resulting from observations in the field.  In this study, the source of information on the readiness of school sanitation facilities in the prevention of COVID-19 was obtained from informants who had been selected by researchers. The informants in this study were divided into 2 (two) namely key informants and ordinary informant, informants in this study consisted of the Head of State Vocational School 1 Lubuklinggau City, Deputy Principal of Facilities and Infrastructure, and students. Sources of information were obtained from the Head of State Vocational School 1, Deputy Principal of Facilities and Infrastructure, and students. Questions regarding the readiness of school sanitation facilities in the prevention of COVID-19 in accordance with the job desc of each informant.

Availability of Handwashing Facilities with Soap A. Provision of CTPS and Hand Sanitizer Facilities
Completeness of handwashing facilities is one of the factors that can affect handwashing behavior in students. According to Circular Letter No. 3 of 2020 on the Prevention of COVID-l9 in the education unit and Regulation of the Minister of Education No. 24 of 2007 on the standard of school facilities and infrastructure, each unit of education or school must have 1 unit of handwashing in each classroom, teacher's room, and UKS room. 15 Handwashing facilities using soap (CTPS) in SMK Negeri 1 Kota Lubuklinggau, have tried to refer to the applicable regulations.
"Kalau sebelum covid nih kak yo itu belum ada sih nyediain cuci tangan, tapi kalo dem ado covid di sekolah itu dem ado cuci tangan banyak… (sebelum covid) cuci tangan pake aer tanpa sabun…" (PD) "Iya menyediakan, nah kalau itu belum tau sih ada yang sementara ada yang tetap, yang sementara biasonyo digerbang tempat wong rami rami… jauh sebelum covid tempat cuci tangan gak ada…" (J) Based on the results of research conducted it is known that hand washing facilities owned by SMK Negeri 1 Kota Lubuklinggau have been provided in every classroom, teacher's room, UKS room, and other rooms that are right in front of the classroom, and from the results of interviews on key informants obtained sanitation facilities in schools are considered to be by recommended by the government. But at the time of the study,

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the condition of the existing handwashing facilities is only a faucet handwash that does not have a sink, does not use hand washing soap but uses bar bath soap, does not have a dryer, and open water where the used hand washing water directly falls and is drained in the sewer under the water faucet and the condition of the sewer that is in an open state so that this can cause an unpleasant odor, Based on the results of the document review conducted, the school has budgeted the provision of sinks as many as 4(four) pieces where this is only placed in certain spaces. When compared to existing regulations, it is known that schools do not have appropriate hand washing facilities to support activities in schools. The school has provided a means of alcohol-based hand washing or hand sanitizer where the provision of hand sanitizer comes from the School Operational Assistance (BOS) fund budget, based on the latest data received the provision of hand sanitizer has reached the number of 235 bottles of hand sanitizer. This is following the Guidance on The Implementation of Learning in the COVID-19 Period where each unit of education must provide alcohol-based handwashing facilities or hand sanitizer. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the school has also made efforts to make hand sanitizer.
Handwashing facilities using soap (CTPS) still do not meet the applicable standards, where there is no sink, dryer, soap still uses bar soap, and the condition of the water disposal is still open, even though the water storage area is closed, and the water condition is tasteless, colorless, and odorless.
The availability of CTPS and Hand sanitizer facilities will support the process of prevention of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 because antiseptics contained in soaps and hand sanitizers will be able to kill viruses and germs so that prevention through the hands will be minimized. 16  In addition to preparing handwashing facilities using soap (CTPS), the school also prepares and has produced a hand sanitizer or hand sanitizer where the number of hand sanitizers that have been budgeted by the school in BOS funds is 235 hand sanitizers.
" However, the condition of handwashing facilities using soap (CTPS) in schools is not good where a lot of foliage waste is around handwashing facilities, unavailability of handwashing soap, and dryers.

The Implementation of Hand Washing (CTPS)
Socialization is a process of living the norms of a group by someone. 17 Based on the results of research it is known that the school has socialized either directly or indirectly, where usually the socialization process is not done directly by inserting appeals in every lesson given by teachers to students, it is also confirmed by students that it is true that the school has socialized about handwashing using soap during their education in SmK Negeri 1 Lubuklinggau City.
"Alhamdulillah….sejauh ini sudah pernah dilakukan sosialisasi betapa pentingnya cuci tangan pakai sabun melalui wakil kesiswaan…" (PP) "Ada, … dari awal awal siswa masuk dulu sudah diberikan, ee.. sering." (S) This is also reinforced by the results of interviews conducted with ordinary informants.: " Pernah, ehm saat hari apa ya ehmm sebelum corona. ya contohnya pola hidup sehat ehm cara mencegah covid juga" (NM) "Pernah, men dak salah pas ee apo tuh HIV/AIDS tuh apo hari apo yo namonyo tuh ado organisasi anti AIDS cak itunah tahun 2019 pernah sih setahun tuh biso sampai tigo kali.. Alhamdulillah sangat bermanfaat, yang didapeti tuh pertama menjaga hidup bersih kemudiam cuci tangan dengan benar kemudian pergaulan yang baik." (SS) However, based on observations made to find out the behavior of handwashing in ordinary informants showed that almost all ordinary informants do not know the effective duration of time to wash their hands following the recompense of the World Health Organization (WHO) that is for 20 seconds, and there are still many of the usual informants who do not know the order of good and correct hand washing even from observations or observations there are ordinary informants who wash their hands only by washing their hands. Rub the palms and backs of the hands only. However, students have known the critical times to wash their hands, such as before or after eating, after getting out of the toilet, and in pandemic times like now before and after activities. This is inversely proportional to research conducted on school students in Wuhan, China where the implementation of good and correct hand washing is one of the right interventions to cut transmission and reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19 between 6% and 44%, and the school must strengthen supervision on handwashing activities for school residents, Women are 1.12 times more likely to wash their hands properly and properly than men. 18,19 Based on research conducted, all informants said that routinely washing hands using soap or alcohol-based is quite effective as one of the efforts in the prevention of COVID-19. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), washing hands with soap is one of the effective steps in preventing the spread and transmission of the disease in this case is the prevention of the spread of COVID-19. Based on the results of the study it is known that some research informants agree that washing hands with soap can prevent the spread of COVID-19, but some informants state that washing hands alone is considered less effective if not accompanied by the application of healthy living and maintaining distance. The informant's statement is in line with a study that states that effective use of anti-septic and hand washing using soap to kill the virus, but it is useless if it is not followed by restrictions on distance between sufferers and carriers so that transmission will still occur more and more and cannot be avoided. But even though socialization has been done, there are still students who do not know how to wash their hands and when washing their hands. 20 21 . From the results of the study it is known that most informants have known in general about COVID-19, where some informants mention that COVID-19 is one of the viruses that arise due to not implementing a healthy lifestyle, and some informants have known efforts in the prevention of COVID-19 such as washing hands, wearing masks, maintaining distance, and implementing healthy living behaviors. When compared to other studies, where other studies mention that 99% of people in Indonesia have good behavior in COVID19 prevention measures with social distancing. 22,23 Based on the results of the study it is known that the school has known and approved the guidance and the school has tried to implement the guidelines that have been issued by the government to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Various efforts have been made by the school such as appealing to students about the prevention of COVID-19 conducted online through the deputy principal of student affairs and classroom guardians. But according to students, they have not received socialization related to COVID-19 prevention efforts directly, but only through social media only through the intermediary of the deputy principal of student affairs and student class guardians.
"Pernah sosialisasinyo lewat wa kek gitu, diomongi untuk cuci tangan pake masker kalau nak keluar" (AI) "(sebelum adanya covid) gak ada Cuma mos aja… (setelah adanya pandemi) ada ya ngasih arahan online aja sih kak ya pentingnya mencegah Corona cuma sekali…" (NM) Other efforts that have been made by the school are to require school residents to wear masks when doing activities both when entering the school area and outside the school environment, washing hands with soap or carrying hand sanitizer liquid, and maintaining distance. Most school residents approve of the efforts urged by the school, but there are still some school residents who do not apply the behavior of washing hands with soap when arriving in the school environment, and still, rarely do school residents bring their hand sanitizer 91 Jurnal Berkala Kesehatan, Vol . 7, No. 2, Nov 2021: 85-94 DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v7i2.10381 or hand sanitizer. When compared to the guidance on the implementation of learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, the efforts made by SMK Negeri 1 are quite good, but there is still a small percentage of school residents who do not comply with the appeal, where there are still school residents who sometimes forget to wash their hands with soap, do not bring food along with personal cutlery and drinking that suits their needs, And there are still school residents who do not carry personal equipment such as worship equipment. Based on the results of the research questionnaire it is known that of 5 people education personnel (business administration) only 1 (one) person who always washes their hands when arriving at the school environment, and 4 (four) other people do not routinely wash their hands using soap when arriving in the environment of SMK Negeri 1 Kota Lubuklinggau so as not to perform or adhere to health protocols optimally. As for carrying personal equipment from 5 (five) people only 2 (two) people always bring personal equipment, while 3 (three) others do not routinely bring personal equipment.

B. COVID-19 Prevention Strategy When School Returns Directly (Luring)
The school continues to strive and design strategies if later teaching and learning activities will be carried out directly (offline) again such as the use of masks, body temperature checks, and restrictions on the number of students in each class or the implementation of a shift system while still complying with health protocols, as well as disinfecting the room repeatedly. The school has also procured masks as one of the efforts to prevent COVID-19 in the school environment, the number of mask preparations prepared by the school is approximately 1,500 masks, where the provision of these masks is still in the budgeting stage on BOS funds consisting of medical masks and cloth masks.
" Efforts made by the school if later will be re-enacted the school directly (offline) is also supported by school residents such as education personnel both teachers and administrative personnel, and students, but based on the results of interviews conducted, the school has not determined the limits of delivery or pick-up points for school residents, so it needs to be reinforced the actual boundaries to be one of the efforts in preventing the spread of COVID-19. Based on the results of the filling questionnaire it is known that of the 5 education personnel they agreed if later set the point of delivery and/or pick-up and had to go down at the delivery point, while from the results of filling the questionnaire on students known from 15 (fifteen) students, 11 (eleven) students of whom agreed to the establishment of the point of delivery and/or pick-up, while 4 (four) other students chose neutral or still did not know to approve. or not if the drop-off point and/or pick-up is set. In addition to the provision of masks, the school also makes efforts to prevent COVID-19 by providing a body temperature gauge or commonly known as thermogenic as many as 2 (two) tools.
But thermogenic tools until now have not been used optimally because students are still doing the learning process online (online), although there is education personnel who work directly with the work schedule sharing system or picket system but thermogenic tools are not operated optimally including when researchers conduct research.

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School preparation before reopening should be of concern to local governments, without optimal preparation, the possibility of an increase in COVID-19 cases from school clusters will be possible. 24

C. Preparation of Before and After The
Learning Process Based on the Guidance on the Implementation of the Learning Process in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period, the preparation that must be done by the school in organizing the learning process directly (offline) is divided into 3 (three) namely before teaching and learning activities, during the teaching and learning process, and after teaching and learning activities.

Before Learning Process
Before the intended learning activities are starting from education personnel or students who before leaving for school until before entering the school gate. The stages are as follows : a. The Stages Before Leaving Consists of breakfast before leaving school, ensuring the health condition of the body, the use of masks, carrying hand sanitizer, and bringing personal needs. At the stage before leaving, research respondents have not been optimal in the implementation of health protocols because there are still respondents who do not routinely perform health protocols and there are respondents who do not approve of the health protocol. b. The Stages of The Journey Consists of wearing a mask, applying distance, not touching the surface of objects and touching the face, and cleaning hands before and after using public transportation services. Based on the results of research conducted it is known that on the stay during the trip respondents also still do not apply health protocols optimally because some respondents use public transportation services such as motorcycle taxis that do not allow to keep a distance of at least 1.5 (one comma five) meters and wash their hands when entering the school gate. At this stage, respondents have not carried out health protocols the stage before entering the gate optimally because there are still respondents who do not do routine handwashing activities when they want to enter the school environment, and there is no drop of delivery and/or pick-up points for school residents.

During Learning Activities
The school must comply with various conditions such as the use of masks, the application of keeping a