SINTESIS BIODIESEL DARI CRUDE PALM OIL DENGAN KATALIS ALUMINA HASIL RECOVERY LIMBAH PADAT LUMPUR PDAM INTAN BANJAR

Abstract

The purposed of this research is to prove the ability of alumina which is obtained from PDAM sludge waste as a catalyst in biodiesel syntetic from crude palm oil and to get the optimum additions of alumina catalyst and the optimum temperature of process. Alumina catalyst is a heterogeneous catalyst or a catalyst which is consisting in solid phase. The advantage of this alumina catalyst is its ability to recovered, reusable, and simple in its separation process, because the soluble product in reaction medium could be separated from its catalyst by filtration. Alumina was obtained from PDAM sludge waste by adding NaOH, NH₄Cl, and NH₄OH in it, then heat at 90^oC for 2,5 hours,  filtrated, and dried in the oven. Esterification process works by heating methanol, H₂SO₄, and CPO at 60^oC by comparison of CPO and methanol 1:6 in moles. Continued with transesterification process by temperature variations of 40^oC, 50^oC, 60^oC, and 70^oC, also alumina catalyst variations of 3%-b, 4%-b, and 5%-b. After esterification-transesterifications process, we purified crude biodiesel by wash it with aqudest to make pure crude biodiesel.Optimum temperature in this research about 60^oC with optimum catalyst about 5%. It was  reasoned by optimum yield we obtained about 70,5%.