ANALISIS VEGETASI TUMBUHAN PAKAN Macaca hecki DI KAWASAN PENYANGGA SUAKA MARGASATWA NANTU BOLIYOHUTO GORONTALO, INDONESIA

Frandika K. Toiyo, Marini Susanti Hamidun, Iswan Dunggio, Dewi Wahyuni K. Baderan, Zuliyanto Zakaria

Abstract


Macaca hecki merupakan spesies primata endemik Pulau Sulawesi, yaitu monyet hitam Sulawesi yang populasinya kini terancam akibat deforestasi, fragmentasi habitat, dan konflik dengan manusia karena perambahan serta persaingan terhadap sumber pakan, terutama tanaman budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis vegetasi tumbuhan pakan Macaca hecki di kawasan penyangga Suaka Margasatwa Nantu Gorontalo, Indonesia. Metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan analisis vegetasi berbasis purposive random sampling serta pembagian petak contoh untuk strata semai, pancang, dan pohon. Data dikumpulkan melalui survei vegetasi lapangan, identifikasi jenis tumbuhan, dan perhitungan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buah merupakan organ tumbuhan yang paling dominan dikonsumsi oleh Macaca hecki, dengan sumber pakan budidaya memiliki proporsi lebih besar (65%) dibandingkan sumber alami (35%). Pada tingkat pohon, Leucaena leucocephala memiliki nilai INP tertinggi (111,31%), diikuti oleh Arenga pinnata (69,11%), sedangkan Carica papaya (145,54%) mendominasi tingkat pancang dan Physalis angulata (149,04%) mendominasi tingkat semai. Jenis-jenis tumbuhan berbuah cepat tumbuh ini menyediakan sumber energi penting serta dukungan struktural bagi habitat. Namun, ketergantungan yang tinggi terhadap tumbuhan budidaya dapat mengubah perilaku mencari makan alami Macaca hecki, yang berpotensi mengurangi keragaman pakan dan kemampuan adaptasi ekologisnya. Hasil penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya pengelolaan vegetasi terpadu di kawasan penyangga untuk menyeimbangkan antara spesies asli dan budidaya, guna menjamin stabilitas ketersediaan pakan dan mengurangi konflik antara manusia dan satwa liar.


Keywords


Analisis Vegetasi; Gorontalo; Macaca hecki; Suaka Margasatwa Nantu-Boliyohuto; Tumbuhan Pakan

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jht.v13i4.24403

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