KANDUNGAN KIMIA SERAT KENAF DARI KOMPOS KULIT UDANG DENGAN PESTISIDA ALAMI KEONG MAS

Rusmini Rusmini, Riama Rita Manullang, Daryono Daryono

Abstract


Kenaf cultivation generally uses chemical fertilizers and pesticides to increase production despite the adverse effects of those chemicals toward environmental ecosystem. Meanwhile, there are a lot of unutilized wastes produced from agriculture and fishery. Kenaf is an environmentally friendly producer of natural fibers and can produce diversified products, such as paper, wallcover, car interior, geotextile, soil safer, fiber drain, particle board, and plastic reinforcement as well as biofuel industry raw materials. The research aims to produce chemistry fiber kenaf best with the provision of organic fertilizer shrimp compost and natural pesticide snail mas. The study used a Randomized Block Design with two factors with the first factor compost of shrimp (k) consisting of 3 levels and the second factor was vegetable pesticide consisting of three levels (p). In each of these studies repeated as many as 2 replications so that there are 18 overall treatment. The observed variables of chemical fiber content include holocellulose, cellulose and lignin. Data obtained, analyzed using analysis of variance  and continued with the smallest real difference test at 5% test level. The results showed that there was holocellulose content in the best kenaf fiber in the treatment of p2 k2 that was equal to 80,28005, for the best cellulose content was p0ko taht was equal to 40,5695 %while for lignin was not continued further test because it showed no real difference.

Penanaman  tanaman  kenaf  umumnya menggunakan pupuk kimia untuk meningkatkan produksi, padahal pupuk kimia berbahaya bagi ekosistem lingkungan, sementara banyak sekali limbah pertanian dan perikanan yang tidak termanfaatkan bahkan  menjadi sampah.   Kenaf merupakan tanaman penghasil serat alam yang ramah lingkungan dan bisa menghasilkan berbagai produk diversifikasi, seperti : kertas, pelapis dinding, interior mobil, geotekstil, soil safer, fiber drain, particle board, dan reinforcement plastik serta bahan baku industri biofuel.  Penelitian bertujuan menghasilkan kandungan kimia serat kenaf terbaik dengan pemberian pupuk organik kompos kulit udang dan pestisida alami keong mas.  Penelitian  menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan  dua faktor dengan faktor pertama kompos dari kulit udang (k) yang terdiri dari 3 taraf dan faktor kedua adalah pestisida nabati yang terdiri dari tiga taraf (p). Pada setiap penelitian ini  diulang sebanyak 2 ulangan sehingga keseluruhan ada 18 perlakuan.  Variabel yang diamati kandungan kimia serat yang meliputi kadar air batang, holosellulosa, sellulosa dan lignin.  Data yang diperoleh, dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil pada taraf uji 5%.   Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada kandungan holosellulosa pada serat kenaf yang terbaik pada perlakuan p2  dan k2 yaitu 81,2800 %, untuk kandungan sellulosa yang terbaik adalah p0 dan ko yaitu 40,5695% sedangkan untuk lignin tidak dilanjutkan uji lanjut karena menunjukkan tidak beda nyata.


Keywords


cellulose; Golden snail; hollosellulosa; lignin; shrimp shells; hollosellulosa; keong mas; sellulosa; kulit udang; lignin

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jht.v5i1.4059

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