KAJIAN PERMASALAHAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DAN DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN DI TPA (TEMPAT PEMROSESAN AKHIR)
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Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan permasalahan yang terjadi pada rantai panjang pengelolaan sampah. Dari hasil kajian pustaka dapat dirangkum dua permasalahan penting pengelolaan sampah dan TPA yaitu sampah yang tidak mengalami proses pengolahan dan pengelolaan TPA dengan sistem yang tidak tepat (masih berfokus pada lahan urug). Sedangkan TPA sebagai ujung rantai pengelolaan sampah menerima beban sampah yang sangat besar sehingga menimbulkan banyak dampak negatif. Air lindi yang dihasilkan oleh TPA sulit untuk dikendalikan agar tidak mencemari lingkungan walaupun membuat proteksi kuat pada TPA. Direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan daur ulang sampah dari rumah tangga sampai ke TPA diantaranya dengan sistem pengelolaan sampah yang berbasis inisiatif komunitas lokal dan tidak hanya mengandalkan TPA dengan sistem lahan urug. Pengelolaan sampah yang fokus pada pengolahan dan pengurangan pencemaran serta melibatkan masyarakat atau berbasis komunitas memiliki dampak positif yang besar. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyelesaian permasalahan sampah yang tidak komprehensif dari hulu ke hilir dan tidak melibatkan semua pihak menjadi hambatan utama berjalannya pengelolaan sampah yang berkelanjutan.
Kata kunci: dampak lingkungan, permasalahan sampah, pengelolaan sampah berkelanjutan, Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir.
This article aimed to explain the problems in a long chain of waste management. From the results of a literature review can be summarized two key issues of waste management and landfill namely: untreated waste and improper system of landfill management (still focusing on landfilling system). While the landfill as the last chain of waste management receives a huge load of waste, causing many negative effects. Leachate generated by the landfill is difficult to be controlled although it has strong protection at the landfill. It recommended to increase the recycling of household waste to landfill such as the waste management system based on local community initiatives and not just rely on landfilling systems. Waste management focusing on the processing and the reduction of pollution and engaging the community or community based have major positive impact. It can be concluded that solving waste problems that not comprehensive from upstream to downstream and not involving all part of the waste system is the main obstacle in sustainable waste management.
Keywords: enviromental impact, landfill, waste problems, sustainable waste management.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jukung.v3i1.3201
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