Pengaruh Biochar Tongkol Jagung dan Kotoran Sapi Terhadap Sifat Kimia dan Total Populasi Bakteri pada Tanah Ultisol

Rendy Ahmad Lubis, Zuraida Titin Mariana, Noor Aidawati

Abstract


The characteristics of Ultisols in Kalimantan are acidic soil pH (pH <5), high Al saturation and low organic matter content. The application of organic matter into the soil can improve the chemical properties of Ultisols. It is hoped that the provision of biochar corn cobs can be an alternative to improve the soil properties of Ultisols. This study aims to determine the effect of corn cob biochar and cow manure on pH, CEC, Al-dd concentration, and the total population of bacteria in Ultisol soil. This study used a single factor completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 10 treatment levels (K= control, A1 = Biochar 2 tons h-1, A2 = Biochar 4 tons h-1, A3 = Biochar 6 tons h-1, A4 = Cow manure 2 tons h-1, A5 = Cow manure 4 tons h-1, A6 = Cow manure 6 ton h-1, A7 = Biochar 2 tons h-1 + Cow manure 1 ton h-1, A8 = Biochar 4 tons h-1 + Cow manure 1 ton h-1, A9 = Biochar 6 tons h-1 + Cow manure 1 ton h-1. Each treatment with 3 replications.  The results showed that the effect of biochar and cow manure had a significant effect on pH, Al-dd concentration, CEC and total bacterial population in Ultisol soil. Biochar treatment with a dose of 6 ton ha-1 is the best treatment to increase pH, CEC and decrease Al-dd. The highest total bacterial population was obtained by biochar treatment dose 6 ton ha-1 + cow manure 1 ton ha-1.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Agus, F., & Irawan. (2006). Agricultural land conversion as a threat to food security and environmental quality. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 25(3), 90-98.

Ameloot, N., Graber, E.R., Verheijen, F.G. & De Neve, S. (2013). Interactions Between Biochar Stability and Soil Organisms: Review and Research Needs. European Journal of Soil Science, 64(4), 379–390.

Anas, I., Santosa, D. A., & Widyastuti, R. (1997). Penggunaan ciri mikrobiologi dalam mengevaluasi degradasi tanah. Buku I, 607-615.

Assefa, S. & Tadesse, S. (2019). The Principal Role of Organic Fertilizer on Soil Properties and Agricultural Productivity -A Review. Agri Res& Tech: Open Access Journal, 22(2), 556192.

Bååth. E., & Anderson, T. H. (2003). Comparison of soil fungal/bacterial ratios in a pH gradient using physiological and PLFA-based techniques. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 35(7), 955-963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(03)00151-8

Castaldi, S., Riondino, M., Baronti, S., Esposito, F.R., Marzaioli, R., Rutigliano, F.A., Vaccari, F.P. & Miglietta, F. (2011). Impact of Biochar Application to a Mediterranean Wheat Crop on Soil Microbial Activity and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes. Journal of Chemosphere, 85(9), 1464-1471.

Cetin, E., Moghtaderi, B., Gupta, R., & Wall, T. F. (2004). Influence of pyrolysis conditions on the structure and gasification reactivity of biomass chars. Fuel, 83(16), 2139-2150.

Cheng, C. H., Lehmann, J., & Engelhard, M. H. (2008). Natural oxidation of black carbon in soils: changes in molecular form and surface charge along a climosequence. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 72(6), 1598-1610.

Chintala, R., Mollinedo, J., Schumacher, T. E., Malo, D. D., & Julson, J. L. (2014). Effect of biochar on chemical properties of acidic soil. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 60(3), 393-404.

Ding, Y., Liu, Y., Liu, S. et al. (2016). Biochar to improve soil fertility. A review. Agronomy Sustainable Development Journal, 36.

Doran, J. W. & Parkin, T. B. (1994). Defining and Assessing Soil Quality. Defining Soil Quality for a Sustainable Environment. Soil Science Journal, 35, 1-21.

Downie A., Crosky, A. & Munroe, P. (2009). Physical Properties of Biochar. Microchemical Properties. Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology. London (UK): earthscan, hlm 13-32.

Gruba, P., & Mulder, J. (2015). Tree species affect cation exchange capacity (CEC) and cation binding properties of organic matter in acid forest soils. Science of The Total Environment, 511, 655-662.

Jiang, L. L., Han, G. M., Yu, L. A. N., Liu, S. N., Gao, J. P., Xu, Y., Jun, M., & Chen, W. F. (2017). Corn cob biochar increases soil culturable bacterial abundance without enhancing their capacities in utilizing carbon sources in Biolog Eco-plates. Journal of integrative agriculture, 16(3), 713-724.

Kurnia, U. (1996). Kajian metode rehabilitasi lahan untuk meningkatkan dan melestarikan produktivitas tanah. Disertasi Fakultas Pasca Sarjana, IPB. Bogor.

Mensah, A. K., & Frimpong, K. A. (2018). Biochar and/or compost applications improve soil properties, growth, and yield of maize grown in acidic rainforest and coastal savannah soils in Ghana. International Journal of Agronomy, 2018: 6837404.

Nurida, N. L, Dariah, A., & Rachman, A. (2010). Kualitas limbah pertanian sebagai bahan baku pembenah tanah berupa biochar untuk rehabilitasi lahan. Balai Tanah Litbang DEPTAN. hlm, 211-218.

Nursyamsi, D., Adiningsih, J. Sri, Sholeh, & Adimihardja, A. (1996). Penggunaan Bahan Organik Untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Pupuk N dan Produktivitas Tanah Ultisols di Sitiung, Sumbar. Jurnal Tanah Tropika, 2, 26-33.

Prasetyo, B. H. (2009). Tanah Merah dari Berbagai Bahan Induk di Indonesia: Prospek dan Strategi Pengelolaannya. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan. 3(1) : 47-60.

Prasetyo, B. H, & Suriadikarta, D. A. (2006). Karakteristik, potensi, dan teknologi pengelolaan tanah ultisol untuk pengembangan pertanian lahan kering di Indonesia. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 25(2), 39-46.

Rutigliano, F. A., Romano, M., Marzaioli, R., Baglivo, I., Baronti, S., Miglietta, F. & Castaldi, S. (2014). Effect of Biochar Addition on Soil Microbial Community in a Wheat Crop. European Journal of Soil Biology, 60, 9-15.

Septiana, L. M. (2017). Karakteristik dan kualitas biochar dari berbagai limbah biomassa tanaman pada pirolisis suhu rendah. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor. hlm. 6-18.

Silva, I. C. B. D., Basílio, J. J. N., Fernandes, L. A., Colen, F., Sampaio, R. A., & Frazão, L. A. (2017). Biochar from different residues on soil properties and common bean production. Scientia Agricola Journal, 74(5), 378-382.

Steiner, C., Glaser, B., Geraldes Teixeira, W., Lehmann, J., Blum, W. E., & Zech, W. (2008). Nitrogen retention and plant uptake on a highly weathered central Amazonian Ferralsol amended with compost and charcoal. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 171(6), 893-899.

Stevenson, F. J. (1994). Humus chemistry: genesis, composition,

reactions. 2nd eds. John Wiley & Sons. New York.

Subandi, S. (2018). Teknologi Produksi dan Strategi Pengembangan Kedelai pada Lahan Kering Masam. Iptek Tanaman Pangan. 2(1).

Sujana, I. P., Lanya, I., Subadiyasa, I. N. N., & Suarna, I. W. (2014). The effect of dose biochar and organic matters on soil characteristic and corn plants growth on the land degraded by garment liquid waste. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 4(5), 77-88.

Wakelin, S. A., Macdonald, L. M., Rogers, S. L., Gregg, A. L., Bolger, T. P., & Baldock, J. A. (2008). Habitat selective factors influencing the structural composition and functional capacity of microbial communities in agricultural soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 40(3), 803-813.

Zhao, H. W., Mavinic, D. S., Oldham, W. K., & Koch, F. A. (1999). Controlling factors for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a two-stage intermittent aeration process treating domestic sewage. Journal of Water Research, 33(4), 961-970.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/agtview.v7i2.2971

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Agroekotek View

Editorial Office:

Department of Agroecotechnology
Faculty of Agriculture
Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Jalan Ahmad Yani Km.36 Mail-box 1028 Banjarbaru 70714
South of Kalimantan - Indonesia
Phone: (0511) 4772254


Creative Commons License
Agroekotek View is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

E-ISSN: 2715-4815