HUBUNGAN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS TERHADAP ORAL HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE

Maulida Hasanah, Rahmad Arifin, Irham Taufiqurrahman, Galuh Dwinta Sari, Alexander Sitepu

Abstract


Latar Belakang: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) merupakan gangguan pada sendi temporomandibula (STM) ditandai rasa sakit pada otot pengunyahan dan STM; bunyi ‘klik’ pada STM; dan adanya defleksi, deviasi serta keterbatasan membuka mulut. TMD banyak dijumpai pada usia dewasa dengan rentang 20-40 tahun termasuk pada mahasiswa.  Gejala yang disebabkan TMD dapat berdampak negatif pada kualitas hidup dan kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan rongga mulut. Oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) merupakan konstruksi multidimensi yang mencerminkan kesehatan mulut seseorang; fisik, psikologis dan kesejahteraan sosial; harapan dan kepuasan perawatan; dan harga diri. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan TMD terhadap OHRQoL pada mahasiswa preklinik FKG ULM. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 37 mahasiswa FKG ULM Angkatan 2019-2022 yang berusia 18 tahun ke atas dengan teknik pengambilan sampel stratified random sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan kriteria eksklusi. Pemeriksaan TMD menggunakan metode diagnosis RDC/TMD sedangkan pemeriksaan OHRQoL menggunakan kuesioner OHIP-14. Data hasil penelitian terkait TMD dan OHRQoL dianalisis dengan uji spearman. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TMD dialami oleh 51,4% responden dengan gejala yang paling banyak dialami adalah nyeri miofasial (57,9%) dengan tingkat OHRQoL yang  terbanyak adalah baik (81%). Hasil uji korelatif spearman menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara TMD terhadap OHRQoL pada mahasiswa preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Lambung Mangkurat (ρ < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Peningkatan gejala TMD meningkatkan keparahan OHRQoL pada mahasiswa preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

 

Kata Kunci: nyeri miofasial, oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL), temporomandibular disorders (TMD)


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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/dentin.v7i3.10747

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