PERBANDINGAN SKOR INDEKS PLAK SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH BERKUMUR DENGAN AIR REBUSAN DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle L) PADA IBU HAMIL. Tinjauan Pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Sungai Jingah Kota Banjarmasin

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: The most common disease of oral health that is experienced by Indonesians, including pregnant women, is caries and periodontal disease. The effect of hormonal changes on expectant mothers can affect oral health. Caries and periodontal disease are caused by the interaction between bacteria and plaque. Plaque can be controlled mechanically and chemically with mouthwash. A lot of mouthwashes made of herbs that have antibacterial efficacy with minimum side effects have been largely produced lately, one example is mouthwash made of betel leaves. Chemical component in a betel leaf is antiseptic because it contains essential oil. Purpose The objective of this research is to identify the differences of plaque index score of pregnant women before and after they gargle with stewed water of betel’s leaves in Sungai Jingah Health Center, Banjarmasin. Methods: This research is quasi experimental of cross-sectional with pre-posttest with control group design. The subject of this research consists of 70 pregnant women, in which 35 are included into treatment group and the other 35 are included into control group. Results: The result of the research shows a decrease in average of treatment group (the first average is 3.5 and the inal average is 2.0). The result of paired-sample T test gets significance (p)=0.001 shows a meaningful difference. Conclusion: Based on the research that has been conducted, it can be concluded that there is a difference of plaque index score before and after they gargle with stewed water of betel’s leaves.

Keywords: Index plaque, stewed water of betel’s leaves, pregnant women.
 

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Penyakit gigi dan mulut yang paling banyak dialami penduduk Indonesia, termasuk ibu hamil adalah karies dan penyakit periodontal. Perubahan hormon pada ibu hamil dapat mengganggu keseimbangan komposisi mikroba didalam rongga mulut yang berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan plak. Karies dan penyakit periodontal disebabkan adanya interaksi antara bakteri dalam plak dengan jaringan rongga mulut. Plak dapat dikontrol secara mekanik dan kimiawi menggunakan obat kumur. Saat ini banyak dikembangkan obat kumur dengan bahan tanaman obat yang mempunyai khasiat antibakteri dengan efek samping yang minimal, yaitu obat kumur dari tumbuhan herbal seperti daun sirih. Daun sirih hijau bersifat antiseptik karena mengandung minyak atsiri. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbandingan skor indeks plak sebelum dan sesudah berkumur dengan air rebusan daun sirih pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Sungai Jingah Banjarmasin. Metode: Quasi experimental secara cross-sectional dengan rancangan pre-posttest with control group design. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 70 ibu hamil, yaitu 35 kelompok perlakuan dan 35 kelompok kontrol.Hasil:Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan rerata pada kelompok perlakuan (rerata awal 3,5 dan rerata akhir 2,0. Hasil uji T berpasangan didapatkan signifikansi(p)=0,001 menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna.Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa terdapat perbedaan skor indeks plak sebelum dan sesudah berkumur dengan air rebusan daun sirih pada ibu hamil.  

Kata-kata kunci: Indeks plak, air rebusan daun sirih, ibu hamil