Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) sebagai Ovisida dan Insect Growth Regulator terhadap Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Abstract: Belimbing wuluh fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) has potential secondary metabolites potentially as ovicides and Insect Growth Regulator (IGR) such as saponins, tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids. This study aims analyze activity of the ethanol extract of belimbing wuluh fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) as an ovicide and Insect Growth Regulator (IGR) against Ae. aegypti. The research is experimental with a completely randomized design method (CRD) consist of seven treatment groups and 4 replications. The ethanol extract of belimbing wuluh fruit has activity as an ovicide with concentrations of 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.12% and 0.18% are 37%, 49%, 59%, 72% and 75%. The results of the One Way Anova test is a significance value of p = 0.000 (p <0.05). The ethanol extract of belimbing wuluh fruit has activity as IGR by inhibiting the emergence of adult mosquitoes, at a concentration of 0.04% by 99% and at a concentration of 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.12% and 0.18% at 100%.

Keywords: Insect Growth Regulator (IGR), ovicide, belimbing wuluh fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.), Aedes aegypti

Abstrak: Buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) diketahui mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti saponin, tannin, flavonoid dan terpenoid yang berpotensi sebagai ovisida dan Insect Growth Regulator (IGR). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis aktivitas ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh sebagai ovisida & Insect Growth Regulator (IGR) terhadap nyamuk Ae. aegypti. Jenis pemelitian ini merupakan eksperimental dengan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) menggunakan tujuh kelompok perlakuan dan 4 replikasi. Aktivitas ovisida Ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh di konsentrasi 0,04%, 0,05%, 0,07%, 0,12% dan 0,18% adalah sebesar 37%, 49%, 59%, 72% dan 75%. Pada uji One Way Anova diperoleh signifikasi p= 0,000. Aktivitas IGR Ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh dengan menghambat kemunculan nyamuk dewasa, pada konsentrasi 0,04% sebesar 99% dan pada konsentrasi 0,05%, 0,07%, 0,12% dan 0,18% sebesar 100%.

Kata-kata kunci: Insect Growth Regulator (IGR), ovisida, buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.), Aedes aegypti