Hubungan Jenis Kelamin dan Riwayat Merokok dengan Mutasi Gen EGFR pada Penderita Kanker Paru Tipe Adenokarsinoma

Abstract

Abstract:  Lung cancer include on the top five of cancer cases. Recently many  research  on target gene therapy, one of them called anti EGFR. This study analysed the relationship between sex and smoking history with the EGFR gene mutations. This study was observational analytic, as many as 53 samples of adenocarcinoma lung cancer patients  were obtained by purposive sampling, 17 cases experienced EGFR +, 36 cases experienced EGFR -. In terms of sex, EGFR + in women (58.8%) more than men (41.2%). In terms of smoking history, EGFR + in nonsmokers (64.7%), smokers (29.4%) and former smokers (5.9%). The results of the Chi-Square analysis showed a significant relationship between sex with the EGFR gene mutations (p=0,030) and the Mann-Whitney analysis showed a significant relationship between smoking history and EGFR gene mutations (p=0,019). Conclusion there is a relationship between sex and smoking history with the EGFR gene mutations in adenocarcinoma lung cancer.

Keywords: lung cancer, adenocarcinoma, sex, smoking history, EGFR gene mutations.

Abstrak:  Kanker paru menempati lima teratas kasus kanker. Pada era ini banyak dilakukan pengembangan terapi target gen, salah satunya anti EGFR. Tujuan penelitian untuk melihat hubungan jenis kelamin dan riwayat merokok dengan mutasi gen EGFR. Penelitian bersifat observasional analitik dengan 53 sampel penderita kanker paru tipe adenokarsinoma didapat secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 17 kasus mutasi gen EGFR +, 36 kasus mutasi gen EGFR -. Mutasi gen EGFR + berdasarkan jenis kelamin didapatkan perempuan (58,8%) lebih banyak daripada laki-laki (41,2%) sedangkan berdasarkan riwayat merokok didapatkan bukan perokok (64,7%) lebih banyak daripada perokok (29,4%) dan bekas perokok (5,9%). Hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin dengan mutasi gen EGFR (p=0,030) dan uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara riwayat merokok dengan mutasi gen EGFR (p=0,019). Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin dan riwayat merokok dengan mutasi gen EGFR pada kanker paru tipe adenokarsinoma.

Kata-kata kunci: kanker paru, adenokarsinoma, jenis kelamin, riwayat merokok, mutasi gen EGFR.