Literature Review: Korelasi Kadar Glukosa dengan Kadar Karbonil pada Lansia yang Memiliki Diabetes

Abstract

Abstract: Elderly are closely related increased susceptibility to diseases due to continuous exposure to free radicals. Free radicals have an important role in various physiological conditions and their implications in various symptoms, one of which is hyperglicemia. Excessive or deficient blood sugar levels will cause health problems in the body. Blood sugar levels during capillary blood examination were low <90 mg / dl), normal (90-199 mg / dl), high (≥200 mg / dl). High glucose levels cause oxidation and glycolysis processes that produce ROS and AGEs which in turn induce oxidative damage to produce carbonyl compounds. Carbonyl compounds increase with age and high glucose levels. The purpose of this literature review is to explain the relationship between glucose levels and carbonyl levels in the elderly. The search was carried out on English-language articles published between 2010-2020 on the PubMed database, ScienceDirect and google scholar. The keywords used in the search for the article were glucose level, protein carbonyl, ROS, oxidative stress, and elderly. Based on the search of the article, the selection was made based on the title and abstract, in order to obtain 20 articles. The same article was excluded from all suitable articles through objective analysis, topic suitability resulting into 14 articles. Based on the literature review, it was found there is a relationship between glucose levels and plasma carbonyl levels.

Keywords: glucose levels, carbonyl protein, oxidative stress, ROS, elderly

Abstrak: Lansia berhubungan dengan peningkatan kerentanan tubuh terhadap penyakit akibat paparan radikal bebas terus-menerus. Penuaan terjadi karena hilangnya homeostasis akibat stres oksidatif kronis. Radikal bebas memiliki peran penting dalam berbagai kondisi fisiologis serta implikasinya dalam beragam gejala penyakit salah satunya hiperglikemi. Kadar gula darah yang berlebihan atau kekurangan akan menimbulkan masalah kesehatan pada tubuh.  Kadar gula darah sewaktu pada pemeriksaan darah kapiler, rendah (<90 mg/dl), normal (90-199 mg/dl), tinggi (≥200 mg/dl). Kadar glukosa tingggi menyebabkan proses oksidasi dan glikolisis yang menghasilkan ROS dan AGEs selanjutnya menginduksi kerusakan oksidatif residu asam amino menghasilkan senyawa karbonil. Senyawa karbonil meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia dan tingginya kadar glukosa. Tujuan dari literature review untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara kadar glukosa dan kadar karbonil pada lansia. Penelusuran dilakukan pada artikel berbahasa Inggris yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2010-2020 pada database PubMed, ScienceDirect dan google scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian artikel adalah kadar glukosa, protein karbonil, ROS, stres oksidatif, dan lansia. Berdasarkan pencarian artikel tersebut dilakukan pemilihan berdasarkan judul dan abstrak, sehingga diperoleh sebanyak 20 artikel. Artikel yang sama dieksklusi dari keseluruhan artikel yang sesuai melalui analisis tujuan, kesesuaian topik sehingga didapatkan 14 artikel. Berdasarkan literature review didapatkan hubungan antara kadar glukosa dengan kadar karbonil plasma.

Kata – kata kunci: kadar glukosa, protein karbonil, stres okdidatif, ROS, lansia