Adaptive Educational Orientation in the Digital Era: A Comparative Study Based on Parental Occupation in Karang Indah Village, Barito Kuala

Abstract

Technological change, artificial intelligence, and shifts in family interaction require parents to prepare children to become more independent, adaptive, resilient, and capable of lifelong learning. This study aims to compare Future Educational Orientation for Children (OPADD) based on parental occupation in Karang Indah Village, Barito Kuala Regency. OPADD is positioned as a researcher-developed operational construct that describes family educational orientation through four dimensions: an adaptive mindset toward change, independence or self-driving, resilience, and agility. The study employed a quantitative non-experimental approach with a cross-sectional comparative design. The sample consisted of 140 respondents selected purposively. Data were collected using a closed-ended Likert-scale questionnaire and analysed with descriptive statistics, Levene's test for homogeneity of variance, and one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using IBM SPSS Statistics. The overall OPADD score had a mean of 78.57 and a standard deviation of 21.757. Levene's test yielded p = 0.068, while ANOVA produced F(7,132) = 0.824 with p = 0.569. Thus, the null hypothesis was not rejected. In this sample, no statistically significant difference in mean OPADD scores was found across parental occupational groups. This result does not mean that occupation is entirely unrelated to educational orientation. Instead, occupational category alone was insufficient to differentiate family educational orientation. The findings should be interpreted cautiously because group sizes were unequal, one occupational code remained unidentified, sampling was non-probabilistic, and the source document did not include normality-test output. Future research should examine parental education, income, digital literacy, parenting style, learning support, and access to information as additional explanatory variables.