1.png){kind=logo}
PENGEMBANGAN DAN KARAKTERISASI BIOKOMPOSIT PVA – NANOSELULOSA SERAT WARU DICOATING TIO2
Abstract
Biokomposit berbahan polivinil alkohol (PVA) terus diteliti dan dikembangkan karena sifat ramah lingkungan dan aplikasi yang luas. Akan tetapi, ketahanan mekanik biokomposit ini terbatas, dan keberadaan agen antibakteri membatasi aplikasi praktisnya dibandingkan dengan plastik konvensional. Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi keterbatasan tersebut dengan mengintegrasikan nanocellulose yang berasal dari serat waru bersama dengan lapisan TiO2. Evaluasi biokomposit PVA-waru nanocellulose yang dilapisi TiO2 mencakup pengukuran kekuatan tarik, aktivitas antibakteri, morfologi melalui mikroskop elektron pemindaian (SEM), dan analisis sudut kontak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemajuan signifikan, dengan kekuatan tarik meningkat dari 3,31 menjadi 8,41 MPa dan ketebalan meningkat dari 0,18 menjadi 0,62 mm, yang dapat dikaitkan dengan peningkatan ikatan silang yang difasilitasi oleh lapisan TiO2. Selain itu, uji antibakteri menunjukkan zona penghambatan minimal kurang dari 3 mm terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus.
Biocomposites or bioplastics made from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) continue to be researched and developed due to their environmentally friendly properties and wide range of applications. However, the mechanical strength of these bioplastics is limited, and the presence of antibacterial agents restricts their practical application compared to conventional plastics. This study aims to address these limitations by integrating nanocellulose derived from waru fibers with a TiO2 layer. The evaluation of TiO2-coated PVA-waru nanocellulose bioplastics includes measurements of tensile strength, antibacterial activity, morphology via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and contact angle analysis. The results show significant progress, with tensile strength increasing from 3.31 to 8.41 MPa and thickness increasing from 0.18 to 0.62 mm, which can be attributed to enhanced cross-linking facilitated by the TiO2 layer. Additionally, antibacterial testing revealed a minimum inhibition zone of less than 3 mm against E. coli and S. aureus.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Andoko, A., Gapsari, F., Diharjo, K., M R, S., & Siengchin, S. (2023). Isolation of microcellulose from timoho fiber using the process of delinigfication and maceration: Evaluation of physical, chemical, structural, and thermal properties. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 224, 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.225
Awang, N. A., Mohamed, M. A., & Salleh, W. N. W. (2023). Polyvinyl Alcohol/Cellulose‐Based Biocomposites and Bionanocomposites. In Polyvinyl Alcohol‐Based Biocomposites and Bionanocomposites (pp. 81–130). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119593218.ch4
Dell’Edera, M., Lo Porto, C., De Pasquale, I., Petronella, F., Curri, M. L., Agostiano, A., & Comparelli, R. (2021). Photocatalytic TiO2-based coatings for environmental applications. Catalysis Today, 380, 62–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2021.04.023
Gapsari, F. (2025). Enhanced structural and thermal properties of oil palm frond fiber-derived nanocellulose using chemical and mechanical treatments for eco-friendly composites. Disseminating Information on the Research of Mechanical Engineering-Jurnal Polimesin, 23(2). http://e-jurnal.pnl.ac.id/polimesin
Gapsari, F., Darmadi, D. B., Juliano, H., Hidayatullah, S., Suteja, Mavinkere Rangappa, S., & Siengchin, S. (2023). Modification of palm fiber with chitosan-AESO blend coating. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 242, 125099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125099
Gapsari, F., Kartikowati, C. W., Madurani, K. A., Harmayanti, A., & Sulaiman, A. M. (2025). Enhanced PVA-bioplastic membranes with nanocellulose and hydroxyapatite derived from blood clam shells. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 23, 101035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101035
Gapsari, F., Purnowidodo, A., Hidayatullah, S., & Suteja, S. (2021). Characterization of Timoho Fiber as a reinforcement in green composite. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 13, 1305–1315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.05.049
Jailani, A., Hidzer, M. H., Firdaus, A. H. M., Sapuan, S. M., Zainudin, E. S., Atiqah, A., Wan Jaafar, W. M., & Suryanegara, L. (2025). Enhancing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites: Key properties, applications and challenges in advanced engineering. Defence Technology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2025.05.020
Liu, F., Zhang, X., Xiao, X., Duan, Q., Bai, H., Cao, Y., Zhang, Y., Alee, M., & Yu, L. (2023). Improved hydrophobicity, antibacterial and mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol/quaternary chitosan composite films for antibacterial packaging. Carbohydrate Polymers, 312, 120755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120755
Pinto, E., Aggrey, W. N., Boakye, P., Amenuvor, G., Sokama-Neuyam, Y. A., Fokuo, M. K., Karimaie, H., Sarkodie, K., Adenutsi, C. D., Erzuah, S., & Rockson, M. A. D. (2022). Cellulose processing from biomass and its derivatization into carboxymethylcellulose: A review. Scientific African, 15, e01078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01078
Suteja, Hidayatullah, S., Gapsari, F., Purnowidodo, A., Susanti, L., Rangappa, S. M., & Siengchin, S. (2025). Enhancing the performance of natural fiber composites: Integrating Walikukun fiber and aluminum filler in epoxy matrices. Reactive and Functional Polymers, 214, 106302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106302
Teodorescu, M., Bercea, M., & Morariu, S. (2018). Biomaterials of Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Natural Polymers. Polymer Reviews, 58(2), 247–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2017.1403928
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/jtam_rotary.v8i1.17516
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
JTAM ROTARY
Editorial Address
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Lambung Mangkurat University
Jl. Jenderal Achmad Yani Km. 35,5 Banjarbaru Telp. (0511)-4773858 Fax. 0511-4773858.
HP: 0853-3262-2556 (Andy Nugraha)
E-mail: j[email protected], [email protected]
Home Page: http://bit.ly/JurnalRotary
JTAM ROTARY Under License Creative Commons Atribusi 4.0 Internasional. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat