Kondisi Optimum Pemisahan Aseton dari  Campuran Aseton-Etanol-Air-n–Butanol  Dengan Kolom Distilasi Vacuum

Chairul Irawan; Iryanti Fatyasari Nata

doi:10.20527/infotek.v6i1.1668

Kondisi Optimum Pemisahan Aseton dari Campuran Aseton-Etanol-Air-n–Butanol Dengan Kolom Distilasi Vacuum

Chairul Irawan, Iryanti Fatyasari Nata

Abstract

Fermenting molasses using clostridium acetobutilycum can produce a mixture of acetone (1)/ethanol (2)/water (3)/n-butanol (4). The fermentation products are then separated and purified in a series of distillation column. In this work the products are 99.5-wt % of acetone and 99 % recovery.

This work is primarily concerned with the effect of operating pressure on the distillation column performance. Distillation columns were designed using computer programs written in VISUAL FORTRAN 5.0. A rigorous equilibrium based computation method due to Wang-Henke that taking into account the effects of non-equal molar overflow and non-ideal vapor-liquid equilibrium was used in study. UNIQUAC, a method of estimating activity coefficient in non-ideal liquid mixtures, was used to model the vapor–liquid equilibrium. The column performance was studied by varying the operating pressure that is constrained by the cooling water temperature in the condenser.

The numbers of plates are 50 and feed plate location at 12^th plate below the condenser for acetone column. Variation of pressure 0.7 to 0.6 atm for acetone column will decrease 6.03 % reflux ratios, 4.3% condenser and 4.78% reboiler duty. Optimum condition for acetone column was 0.6 atm.

Keywords

simulation, vacuum distillation, acetone column

Full Text:

PDF

References

Dagdar, A.M., dan Foutch G.L. (1988), “Improving The Acetone-Butanol Fermentation Process with Liquid-Liquid Extraction”, Biotech. Prog., 4, p. 26.

Gmehling, J., dan Onken U. (1977), Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data Collection, DECHEMA Chemistry Data Series, I, DECHEMA, Frankfurt.

Henley, E. J., dan Seader J. D. (1981), Equilibrium-Stage Separation Operation in Chemical Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Singapore.

Ismartono, T. dan Syamsul, A.W. (1997), Pengukuran Kesetimbangan Uap-Cair Sistem Biner Etanol(1)-n-Butanol(2), Aseton(1)- Etanol(2), dan Aseton(1)-n- Butanol(2) pada Tekanan Atmosfir, Skripsi S-1, ITS, Surabaya.

Prausnitz, J. M., Sherwood, T.K., dan Poling B.E. (1977), The Properties of Gases & Liquid, Edisi 3, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Singapore.

Reid, R.C., Prausnitz, J.M, B.E. (1987), The Properties of Gas and Liquid, Mc. Graw Hill International edition, 4th edition, Singapore.

Roffler, S., Blanch, H.W, dan Wilke, C.R. (1987), Extractive Fermentation of Acetone and Butanol: Process Design and Economic Evaluation, Biotech. Prog., 3, p. 131.

Renanto, H. dan Iryanti, F.N. (2001), Pengaruh Tekanan terhadap Kinerja Kolom Distilasi Aseton dan Etanol pada Pemisahan Campuran Aseton-Etanol-Air-n-Butanol, Majalah IPTEK, vol 3 p.134.

Smith, J.M., dan H.C. Van Ness (1996), Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, 5th, McGraw-Hill, Singapore.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/infotek.v6i1.1668

DOI (PDF): http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/infotek.v6i1.1668.g1441