HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DENGAN KETAHANAN TERHADAP ISPA NON-PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS PEKAUMAN BANJARMASIN

Abstract

Abstract: Puskesmas Pekauman was public health care that had highest Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) score in Banjarmasin, it was 427 cases of  pneumonia ARI and 3.531 cases of non-pneumonia ARI, with many case happened in children under five years old (12-59 m.o). Nutrition status was one of many factor that affecting resistance of non-pneumonia ARI in children under five years old. This study was aimed to determine the correlation between nutritional status with resistance of non-pneumonia ARI in children under five years old (12-59 m.o) at Puskesmas Pekauman Banjarmasin. Design of this study was observational analytic with cross sectional study. Samples obtained with systematic random sampling  were 50 children under five years old. The result of this research were nutritional status of 36% children under five years old were good,  64% were below standard, 32% children under five years old had resistance of non-pneumonia ARI, and 68% had not resistancy. Among variables was then analyzed using chi-square test. The conclusion was significant correlation found between nutritional status with resistency of non-pneumonia ARI in children under five years old (12-59 m.o) at Puskesmas Pekauman Banjarmasin (p = 0,007). Children under five years old with good nutrional status had resistancy 5 times greater than children under five years old with below standard nutritional status.

Keywords: Non-pneumonia ARI, nutritional status

Abstrak: Puskesmas Pekauman merupakan puskesmas dengan angka kejadian ISPA tertinggi di Kota Banjarmasin, terdiri dari 427 kasus ISPA pneumonia dan 3531 kasus ISPA non pneumonia, dengan jumlah penderita terbanyak berada pada kisaran umur 12-59 bulan. Status gizi merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi ketahanan balita terhadap ISPA non-pneumonia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi dengan ketahanan terhadap ISPA non-pneumonia pada balita (12-59 bulan) di Puskesmas Pekauman Banjarmasin. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel diperoleh melalui teknik systematic random sampling dengan jumlah 50 orang. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 36% balita status gizi kurang, 64% balita status gizi baik, 32% balita tidak memiliki ketahanan, dan 68% balita memiliki ketahanan terhadap ISPA non-pneumonia. Analisis data hasil penelitian menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Kesimpulan penelitian ini, terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan ketahanan balita (12-59 bulan) terhadap ISPA non-pneumonia di Puskesmas Pekauman Banjarmasin (p = 0,007). Balita (12-59 bulan) di Puskesmas Pekauman Banjarmasin dengan  gizi baik memiliki ketahanan terhadap ISPA non-pneumonia 5 kali lebih besar dibandingkan balita (12-59 bulan) dengan gizi kurang.

Kata-kata kunci: ISPA non-pneumonia, status gizi