Perbandingan Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Dengan Sediaan Sirup Herbal Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Shigella dysenteriae In Vitro
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Sour carambola (Averrhoa bilimbi, L) fruit has antibacterial effect to Shigella dysenteriae. Shigella dysentriae is Gram-negative bacteria caused shigellosis and bloody diarrhea in human. Sour carambola can be used as extract and herbal syrup. This research aims to compare the inhibitory effect between ethanol extract and herbal syrup of sour carambola fruit to against Shigella dysenteriae in vitro. The concentration of ethanol extract and herbal syrup were 60 %,70%, 80% and 90%. Antibacterial effect was tested by Kirby- Bauer diffusion method on Mueller Hinton media and measure the inhibitory zone of Shigella dysenteriae. The result of inhibitory zone was tested by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney post hoc tests with 95% significance level showed that ethanol extract and herbal syrup of sour carambola showed the differences in concentration of 60% (p < 0,05). The phytochemical screening result showed that ethanol extract of sour carambola contains flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid and steroid.
Keywords: Averrhoa bilimbi, L., ethanol extract, herbal syrup, Shigella dysenteriae
ABSTRAK: Buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi, L.) terbukti memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Shigella dysenteriae. Shigella dysenteriae merupakan bakteri penyebab shigellosis atau disentri basiler. Buah belimbing wuluh dapat digunakan dalam bentuk ekstrak dan sirup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan daya hambat antara ekstrak etanol dengan sediaan sirup herbal buah belimbing wuluh dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Shigella dysenteriae in vitro. Konsenterasi ekstrak etanol dan sirup herbal buah belimbing wuluh yang digunakan adalah 60%, 70%, 80% dan 90%. Uji antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi Kirby-Bauer dengan media Mueller- Hinton dan dilakukan pengukuran zona hambat Shigella dysenteriae. Hasil zona hambat yang terbentuk diuji menggunakan Kruskal Wallis dan post hoc Mann Whitney dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan sediaan sirup herbal buah belimbing wuluh memiliki perbedaan bermakna dalam menghambat Shigella dysenteriae pada konsenterasi 60% (p<0,05). Hasil skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh menunjukkan adanya kandungan flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid dan steroid.
Kata-kata kunci: Averrhoa bilimbi, L., ekstrak etanol, Shigella dysenteriae, sirup herbal
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbk.v9i2.949
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