KETERBUKAAN AREAL HUTAN AKIBAT PENEBANGAN INTENSITAS RENDAH DI SALAH SATU IUPHHK-HA DI PAPUA
Abstract
Harvesting of natural production forest with selective cutting system creates felling gaps and reduces canopy cover. Treefall gaps play important roles in forest ecology. The information of size and form of treefall gaps due to low harvest intensity (0,58 tree ha-1) in tropical natural forest is poorly established. This study aims to calculate the size of treefall gaps and to correlate nature of felled tree (tree height, tree diameter, crown height, crown diameter) and slope with size of treefall gaps. The study was carried out in a cutting block of a forest concession in Papua province. The plot used is a circular plot of 1.7 ha. The 15 sample plots were placed in the cutting block randomly. The size of treefall gaps is calculated by measuring the length and wide of area openness after tree felling. The average area of forest gap before tree felling, canopy gaps and expanded gaps respectively was 0,04%, 1,52% (258,7 m2), and 2,66% (451,7 m2). Tree height of felled tree has significant relationship to the size of treefall gaps.
Penebangan hutan alam produksi dengan sistem tebang pilih menciptakan ruang terbuka (gaps) dan mengurangi tutupan tajuk. Keterbukaan tajuk hutan akibat penebangan memiliki peran penting dalam ekosistem hutan. Hingga saat ini masih sedikit informasi yang diketahui tentang ukuran dan bentuk keterbukaan tajuk akibat penebangan pohon dengan intensitas rendah di hutan tropis yang dipublikasikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung luas areal hutan yang terbuka akibat penebangan pohon dengan intensitas rendah (0,58 pohon ha-1), dan menganalisis faktor pohon yang ditebang (tinggi pohon, diameter pohon, tinggi tajuk dan diameter tajuk) dan kemiringan lapangan, yang mempengaruhi luas keterbukaan area hutan akibat penebangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di salah satu petak tebangan pada salah satu pengusahaan hutan alam produksi di propinsi Papua. Plot contoh yang digunakan adalah plot lingkaran dengan luas 1,7 ha. Jumlah plot contoh sebanyak 15 plot yang tersebar secara acak di petak tebangan. Luas keterbukaan areal hutan dihitung dengan cara mengukur panjang dan lebar areal terbuka setelah penebangan pohon. Ratarata luas keterbukaan tajuk tegakan hutan alam produksi yang belum ditebang sebesar 0,04%. Rata-rata luas keterbukaan tajuk dan areal hutan yang terbuka akibat penebangan pohon dengan intensitas rendah berturut-turut adalah 1,52% (258,7 m2) dan 2,66% (451,7 m2). Tinggi pohon yang ditebang berpengaruh nyata terhadap luas areal hutan yang terbuka akibat penebangan.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Asner, GP., Keller, M., Silva, JNM. 2004. Spatial and temporal dynamics of forest canopy gaps following selective logging in eastern Amazon. Global Change Biology 10:765783.
Bertault, JG., Sist, P. 1997. An experimental comparison of different harvesting intensities with reduced-impact and conventional logging in East Kalimantan Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management 94: 209-218.
Bischetti, GB, Bassanelli, C., Chiaradia, EA., Minotta, G., Vergani, C. 2016. The effects of gaps opening on soil reinforcement in two conifers stand in northern Italy. Forest Ecology and Management 359:286-299.
Brokaw, NVL. 1985. Gap-Phase regeneration in a tropical forest. Ecology 66:682-687.
Budiaman, A., Pradata, AA. 2013 Low impact felling distance and allowable number of felled trees in Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika 19:194-200.
Dankova, L., Saniga, M. 2013. Canopy gap and tree regeneration pattern in a multi-species unmanaged natural forest Sitno. Beskydy 6:17-26.
Guitet, S., Pithon, S., Brunaux, O., Jubelin, G., Gond, V. 2012. Impacts of logging on the canopy and the consequences for forest management in French Guiana. Forest Ecology and Management 277:124-131.
Hu, B., Yang, B., Pang, X., Bao, W., Tiang, G. 2016. Responses of soil phosphorus fractions to gap size in a forested spruce forest. Geoderma 279:61-69.
Koivula, M., Niemela, J. 2003. Gap felling as a forest harvesting method in boreal forest: response of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Ecography 26: 179-187.
Lertz, KP., Sutherland, GD., Inselberg, A., Saunders, SC. 1996. Canopy gaps and landscape mosaic in a coastal temperate rain forest. Ecology 77:1254-1270.
Muscolo, A., Bagnato, S., Sidari, M., Mercurio, R. 2014. A review of the roles of forest canopy gaps. Journal of Forestry Research 25:725736.
Olivier, M-D., Robert, S., Fournier, RA. 2017. A methods to quantify canopy changes using multi-temporal terrestrial lidar data: tree response to surrounding gaps. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 237-238:184-195.
Parrotta, JA., Francis, JA., Knowles, OH. 2002. Harvesting intensity affects composition and structure in an upland Amazonian forest. Forest Ecology and Management 169:243255.
Prereira Jr, R., Zweede, J., Asner, GP., Keller, M. 2002. Forest canopy damage and recovery in reduced-impact and conventional selective logging in eastern Para, Brazil. Forest Ecology and Management 168: 7789.
Purnomo, DW., Usmadi, D., Hadiah, JT. 2018. Dampak keterbukaan tajuk terhadap kelimpahan tumbuhan bawah pada tegakan pinus Oocarpa Schiede dan Agathis alba (Lam) Foxw. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan 12:6173.
Rouvinen, S., Kouki, J. 2011. Tree regeneration in artificial canopy gaps established for restoring natural structural variability in a scot pine stand. Silva Fennica 45:10791091.
Ruslandi., Halperin, J., Puts, FE. 2012. Effect of felling gap proximity on residual tree mortality and growth in a dipterocarp forest in East Kalimantan Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 24:110-124.
Schliemann, SA., Bockheim, JG. 2011. Methods for Studying Treefall Gaps. Forest Ecology and Management 26:1143-1151.
Sist, P., Nolan, T., Bertault, J-G. 1998. Harvesting Intensity Versus Sustainability In Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management 108:251260.
Thorn S, Bussler H, Fritze M-A, Goeder P, Muller J, Weiss I, Seibold D. 2016. Canopy closure determines arthropod assemblages in microhabitat created by windstorms and salvage logging. Forest Ecology and Management 381:188-195.
Whitmore, TC. 1989. Canopy gaps and the two major group of forest trees. Ecology 70: 536538.
Yang, Y., Geng, G., Zhou, H., Zhao, G., Wang, L. 2017. Effects of gaps in the forest canopy on soil microbial communities and enzyme activity in a Chinese pine forest. Pedobiologia – Journal of Soil Ecology 61:51-60.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jht.v6i3.5979
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 1993 timesPDF - 3059 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.






