Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Rasionalitas Penggunaan OAINS dalam Mengatasi Nyeri secara Swamedikasi di Masyarakat

Imel Ramelia Hudaya; Indah Laily Hilmi; Salman Salman

doi:10.20527/jps.v10i1.14596

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Rasionalitas Penggunaan OAINS dalam Mengatasi Nyeri secara Swamedikasi di Masyarakat

Imel Ramelia Hudaya, Indah Laily Hilmi, Salman Salman

Abstract

Setiap tahun, diperkirakan sebanyak 20% populasi dunia mengalami nyeri. Berdasarkan penelitian pada tahun 2012 di Amerika, setiap harinya terdapat sebanyak 86,6 juta jiwa orang dewasa yang mengalami nyeri akut dan sebanyak 25,5 juta jiwa mengalami nyeri kronis. Terapi menggunakan obat-obatan adalah salah satu upaya yang dapat mengurangi atau mengatasi nyeri. Obat anti inflamasi non-steroid (OAINS) merupakan salah satu obat yang paling sering digunakan dalam tatalaksana nyeri. Penggunaan OAINS yang kurang tepat akan menimbulkan banyak efek samping yang dapat berpotensi berakibat fatal dan justru dapat membuat seseorang mengalami masalah medis akibat efek samping yang lebih berat dibandingkan dengan masalah medis utamanya. Penulisan artikel review ini dimaksudkan untuk melihat pengaruh tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat dalam penggunaan OAINS terhadap rasionalitas penggunaannya secara swamedikasi di beberapa populasi masyarakat dengan metode studi literatur yang diambil dari berbagai jurnal nasional maupun internasional. Berdasarkan hasil studi literatur tersebut didapatkan hasil bahwa tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat dalam penggunaan OAINS secara swamedikasi memiliki hubungan dengan rasionalitas penggunaannya.

Kata Kunci: OAINS, Tatalaksana Nyeri, Pengetahuan, Efek Samping, Swamedikasi

It is estimated that 20% of the world's population experience pain every year. Based on American research in 2012, there are 86.6 million adults who experience acute pain every day and as many as 25.5 million people experience chronic pain. Drugs therapy is one of the efforts that can reduce or overcome pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most commonly used drugs in pain management. Inappropriate use of NSAIDs will cause many side effects that can be potentially fatal and can actually make a person experience medical problems due to side effects that are more severe than the main medical problem. This review article was written to see the effect of the level of public knowledge in the use of NSAIDs on the rationality of their use by self-medication in several population groups using the literature study method taken from various national and international journals. Based on the results of the literature study, it was found that the level of public knowledge in the use of NSAIDs independently has a relationship with the rationality of their use.

Keywords

NSAID, Pain Management, Knowledge, Side Effects, Self-Medication

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jps.v10i1.14596