Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus  Resistensi Antibiotik

Herlina Rante; Nasriah Nasriah; Rosany Tayeb

doi:10.20527/jps.v11i1.16841

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus Resistensi Antibiotik

Herlina Rante, Nasriah Nasriah, Rosany Tayeb

Abstract

Masalah kesehatan yang berhubungan dengan infeksi merupakan tantangan yang dihadapi tidak hanya oleh negara-negara maju tetapi juga negara-negara berkembang. Meningkatnya jumlah kasus bakteri yang kebal terhadap antibiotik telah mendorong usaha untuk menemukan sumber-sumber antibakteri dari bahan alami. Salah satu tumbuhan yang diduga memiliki kemampuan untuk melawan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli adalah tanaman belimbing wuluh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh terhadap S.aureus dan E.coli resisten antibiotik. Ekstraksi dilakukan pada daun belimbing wuluh menggunakan etanol 70% dengan metode maserasi. Setelah itu, ekstrak etanol dibuat dalam seri konsentrasi 1,25%, 2,5%, 5%, dan 10% b/v. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan melalui metode difusi agar pada medium Mueller Hinton Agar dengan bakteri uji Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus yang telah resisten terhadap antibiotik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dari daun belimbing wuluh ( A. bilimbi L) efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri uji pada konsentrasi sebesar 1,25% (setara dengan 0,25 mg/paper disk).

Kata Kunci: Bakteri Resisten, Maserasi, Difusi Agar, Mueller Hinton Agar, Pertumbuhan Bakteri

Health issues related to infections pose a challenge not only to developed countries but also to developing nations. The increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial cases has driven efforts to discover natural sources of antibacterial agents. One plant suspected to possess the ability to combat Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria is the A. bilimbi L. plant. This research aims to examine the antibacterial effects of ethanol extract from A. bilimbi L. leaves against S. aureus and E. Coli resistant antibiotic. The extraction process was conducted using 70% ethanol through the maceration method. Subsequently, ethanol extract was prepared in a series of concentrations: 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% w/v. The antibacterial activity test was performed using the agar diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar medium with test bacteria, E. coli, and S. aureus, which were already resistant to antibiotics. The research findings indicate that the ethanol extract from A. bilimbi L. leaves effectively inhibits the growth of test bacteria at a concentration of 1.25% (equivalent to 0.25 mg/paper disk).

Keywords

Resistances Bacteria, Maceration, Agar Diffusion Method, Mueller Hiltor Agar Medium, Growth of Test Bacteria

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jps.v11i1.16841