Studi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Rawat Inap dengan Diagnosis Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut

Hendra Herman; Aulia Wati; Ulfah Ayu Ninsih

doi:10.20527/jps.v11i1.18390

Studi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Rawat Inap dengan Diagnosis Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut

Hendra Herman, Aulia Wati, Ulfah Ayu Ninsih

Abstract

Penggunaan antibiotik menjadi pilihan utama untuk mengobati ISPA yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Namun, penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dan berlebihan dapat menyebabkan efek samping dan resistensi antibiotik, yang menjadi masalah kesehatan global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien rawat inap dengan ISPA di rumah sakit swasta. Metode penelitian menggunakan Single Cohort dengan menggunakan data rekam medik sebagai sumber utama. Sebanyak 94 dari 134 pasien mendapatkan antibiotik. Pemeriksaan WBC masih menjadi parameter pemberian antibiotik (p<0,05). Pemberian antibiotik kategori Watch masih mendominasi pilihan antibiotik empiris (82,03%). Penggunaan ceftriaxone pada ISPA sangat besar dibandingkan antibiotik lain (DDD/100 patient days = 42,37). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa antibiotik yang diberikan kepada pasien dengan Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) di rumah sakit ini sesuai untuk melawan bakteri penyebab ISPA. Meskipun penggunaan antibiotik golongan Access memerlukan pertimbangan lebih lanjut, Ceftriaxone menonjol sebagai antibiotik yang paling sering diresepkan untuk pasien ISPA, dengan total DDD/100 hari pasien sebesar 42,37.

Kata Kunci: Antibiotik, DDD, Infeksi Saluran Napas, Antibiotik Aware, Seftriakson

The utilization of antibiotics represents the primary therapeutic approach for managing bacterial-induced Acute Respiratory Infections (ISPA). Nevertheless, indiscriminate and excessive antibiotic usage can give rise to adverse effects and antibiotic resistance, constituting a pervasive global health concern. This study endeavors to scrutinize antibiotic utilization among inpatients diagnosed with ISPA within a private hospital. Employing a Single Cohort design, medical records serve as the principal data source. Among 134 patients, 94 were administered antibiotics. Notably, White Blood Cell (WBC) examination emerges as a pivotal parameter influencing antibiotic administration (p<0.05). The Watch category continues to predominate as the preferred choice for empirical antibiotics (82.03%). Ceftriaxone emerges as the predominant antibiotic in ISPA treatment, surpassing other counterparts (DDD/100 patient days = 42.37). Findings underscore the absence of established protocols governing antibiotic usage in ISPA patients within the hospital, accentuating the imperative role of the Antimicrobial Stewardship Team in guiding and overseeing antibiotic practices. The study's findings suggest that the antibiotics administered to patients with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ISPA) in this hospital are fitting for combating the bacteria responsible for ISPA. While the utilization of Access group antibiotics warrants further consideration, Ceftriaxone stands out as the most frequently prescribed antibiotic for ISPA patients, with a total DDD/100 patient days of 42.37.

Keywords

Antibiotics, DDD, Respiratory Tract Infection, Aware Antibiotics, Ceftriaxone

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jps.v11i1.18390