Peningkatan Risiko Infeksi Genital pada Pengguna SGLT-2 Inhibitor

Farah Fadhila Nasywa Purnomo; Hairrudin Hairrudin; Laksmi Indreswari

doi:10.20527/jps.v11i2.18846

Peningkatan Risiko Infeksi Genital pada Pengguna SGLT-2 Inhibitor

Farah Fadhila Nasywa Purnomo, Hairrudin Hairrudin, Laksmi Indreswari

Abstract

SGLT-2 inhibitor merupakan salah satu terapi farmakologis oral yang diberikan pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2. Risiko infeksi genitourinari pada pengguna SGLT-2 inhibitor masih belum jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko infeksi saluran genitourinari pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 yang diterapi menggunakan sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor. Metode penulisan menggunakan desain penelitian tinjauan sistematis (Systematic Review). Pencarian jurnal dilakukan pada basis data Pubmed Central, Science Direct dan Google Scholar (pencarian hingga 17 Mei 2023) lalu diseleksi menggunakan Flowchart PRISMA. Studi yang diseleksi menggunakan design studi cohort/observational studies yang dibandingkan dengan terapi nonSGLT-2 inhibitor. Analisis data menggunakan metaanalisis. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 10 jurnal yang ditinjau secara sistematis tetapi hanya 6 jurnal yang dipat di metaanalisis dikarenakan heterogenitas yang tinggi. Empat jurnal dengan outcome infeksi saluran kemih yang dimetaanalisis menunjukkan risiko tidak signifkan (RR 0,98 95%CI 0,85-1,14; p= 0,80; I²=57%). Dua jurnal dengan outcome infeksi genital yang dimetaanalisis menghasilkan risiko 2,3 kali lipat lebih tinggi dibanding non-SGLT-2 inhibitor(RR 2,32 95%CI 2,04-2,64; p<0,00001; I²=36%). Kesimpulannya terjadi peningkatan risiko infeksi genital pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 yang diterapi menggunakan sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor yang signifikan sedangkan peningkatan risiko infeksi saluran kemih tidak signifikan.

Kata Kunci: Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, Infeksi Genital, Infeksi Saluran Kemih, Antidiabetes, SGLT-2 Inhibitor

SGLT-2 inhibitors are an oral pharmacological therapy given to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The risk of genitourinary infections in SGLT-2 inhibitor users is still unclear. This study aims to analyze the risk of genitourinary tract infections in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. The method uses a systematic review research design.. Journal searches were carried out on the Pubmed Central, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases (search until 17 May 2023) and then selected using the PRISMA Flowchart. The selected studies used a cohort/observational study design compared to nonSGLT-2 inhibitor therapy. Data analysis using meta-analysis. The results showed that 10 journals were reviewed systematically, but only 6 journals were included in the meta-analysis due to high heterogeneity. Four journals with urinary tract infection outcomes that were meta-analyzed showed an insignificant risk (RR 0.98 95%CI 0.85-1.14; p= 0.80; I2=57%). Two journals with meta-analyzed outcomes of genital infections resulted in a 2.3-fold higher risk compared to non-SGLT-2 inhibitors (RR 2.32 95%CI 2.04-2.64; p<0.00001; I2=36%). In conclusion, there was a significant increase in risk for genital infections while it was not significant for urinary tract infections.

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Genital Infection, Urinary Tract Infection, Antidiabetic, SGLT-2 inhibitor

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jps.v11i2.18846