Kandungan Total Fenolik, Total Flavonoid, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.)

Khoerul Anwar; Liling Triyasmono

doi:10.20527/jps.v3i1.5838

Kandungan Total Fenolik, Total Flavonoid, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.)

Khoerul Anwar, Liling Triyasmono

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman mempunyai khasiat meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh, menurunkan tekanan darah, menurunkan glukosa darah, dan sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan total fenolik, total flavonoid, dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol buah mengkudu. Serbuk kering buah mengkudu dimaserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Analisis kualitatif fenolik dan flavonoid dilakukan dengan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Penetapan kadar total fenolik menggunakan pereaksi Folin-ciocalteau dengan pembanding pirogalol. Kadar total flavonoid ditetapkan dengan pembanding rutin menggunakan pereaksi FeCl₃. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan uji penangkapan radikal 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Hasil analisis kualitatif menunjukkan adanya kandungan senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid. Kadar total fenolik pada ekstrak etanol buah mengkudu sebesar 14,44+0,82 mg ekivalen pirogalol (PE)/g ekstrak, sedangkan kadar total flavonoid sebesar 5,69+0,21 mg ekivalen rutin (RE)/g ekstrak. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH menunjukkan IC₅₀ekstrak etanol buah mengkudu sebesar 104,73+4,56 µg/mL.

Kata kunci: Morinda citrifolia, total fenolik, total flavonoid, antioksidan

ABSTRACT

Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is one of the plants have properties to increase endurance, lower blood pressure, lowering blood glucose, and as an antibacterial. The aim of this study is to determine the total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of noni. Dry powder of noni fruit macerated using 70% ethanol. Qualitative analysis of total phenolic and total flavonoid was done by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Total phenolic assay used Folin-ciocalteau reagent by pyrogallol as comparison. Levels of total flavonoids determined by comparison to the rutin use of FeCl₃ reagent. The antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The results of the qualitative analysis showed that it contains phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Total phenolic content of the ethanol extract of noni at 14.44+0.82 mg pyrogallol equivalent (PE) / g extract, while the total flavonoid content of 5.69+0.21 mg equivalent routine (RE) / g extract. The test results of antioxidant activity with DPPH method showed IC50 ethanol extract of noni of 104.73+4.56 µg / mL.

Key words: Morinda citrifolia, total phenolic, total flavonoids, antioxidant

Keywords

Morinda citrifolia, total phenolic, total flavonoids, antioxidant

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jps.v3i1.5838