Pengujian Toksisitas Seluler SNEDDS Ekstrak Daun Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans, Poir) Terstandar
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Kangkung darat (Ipomea reptans Poir) adalah salah satu tanaman di Indonesia yang secara empiris telah dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sebagai obat untuk terapi Diabetes Melitus (DM). Riset sebelumnya telah dilakukan untuk memperoleh data ilmiah dari pemanfaatan kangkung darat sebagai terapi DM, dan pengembangannya dalam bentuk sediaan Self Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sitotoksisitas sediaan SNEDDS ekstrak daun kangkung terstandar dengan menggunakan metode MTT (Methyl-Thiazolyl-Tetrazolium). Pengujian MTT dilakukan dengan cara well plate diplotkan terlebih dahulu untuk sampel uji 70 sumuran (well), kontrol sel 6 sumuran, dan kontrol media 6 sumuran. Terakhir tiap sumuran ditambahkan stopper SDS sebanyak 100µl. Plate dibungkus alumunium foil dan diinkubasi semalaman pada suhu ruang. Hari berikutnya dilakukan pembacaan absorbansi sampel, kontrol media, dan kontrol sel menggunakan ELISA reader. Uji sitotoksik SNEEDS kangkung pada sel vero diperoleh hasil bahwa SNEEDS kangkung tidak menyebabkan kematian pada sel uji. Pada pengujian sel dilakukan pemaparan sampel excipient dari SNEEDS kangkung sebagai pembanding, dengan hasil menyebabkan kematian <50% sel uji pada dua kadar tertinggi dari sampel excipient. Namun pada hasil uji SNEEDS kangkung diperoleh data bahwa toksisitas excipient pada kadar tersebut tidak mempengaruhi timbulnya toksisitas pada sampel SNEEDS kangkung. Sehingga berdasarkan uji in vitro, SNEEDS kangkung tidak toksik terhadap sel vero.
Kata kunci: Ipomoea reptans, sitotoksisitas, SNEDDS
ABSTRACT
Kangkong (Ipomea reptans Poir) is a type of Indonesian plant empirically utilized by many people to treat diabetes mellitus (DM). A study has been conducted to obtain scientific data from the use of kangkong for DM treatment as well as to develop kangkong in SNEDDS preparation. This current study aimed to examine the cytotoxicity of kangkong leaf standardized extract in SNEDDS preparation through the MTT (Methyl-Thiazolyl-Tetrazolium) method. MTT assay was performed by initially plotting well plates for test sample (70 wells), control cell (6 wells), and control medium (6 wells). As much as 100µl SDS stopper was added into each well, and then plates were wrapped in aluminum foil and incubated all night at ambient temperature. On the following day, the absorbance of test sample, control medium, and control cell was identified using ELISA reader. The cytotoxicity test of kangkong SNEDDS on Vero cell lines showed that kangkong SNEDDS did not cause cell death. The cell was tested through exposure of excipient sample from kangkong SNEDDS as a comparison, resulting in <50% cell death by the two highest concentrations of excipient sample. However, the test result of kangkong SNEDDS indicated that excipient toxicity at such concentrations did not affect kangkong SNEDDS. Therefore, based on in vitro test, kangkong SNEDDS is not toxic against Vero cell lines.
Keywords: Ipomoea reptans, cytotoxicity, SNEDDS
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jps.v6i2.7350
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