Uji Efektivitas Pestisida Nabati Dari Daun Mimba Terhadap Kematian Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.)

Abstract

One alternative to control armyworm pests that can be done is the use of botanical pesticides because they are able to control plant pests and diseases by being friendly to the environment and relatively safe in terms of health. One of the plants that has the ability to control pests is neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.). Neem extract is reported to have an effect on approximately 400 insects (Balitkabi, 2009). This study aims to determine the effect of neem leaf extract on armyworm death, determine the most effective concentration of neem leaf extract to control armyworms, and determine the LC₅₀ value of neem leaf extract on armyworm death. This study used a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method. The factors studied were the treatment of botanical pesticide with neem leaf extract (M) with five concentration levels with 5 replications; M₀ (control), M₁ (5% concentration), M₂ (10% concentration), M₃ (20% concentration), and M₄ (25% concentration). Treatment of botanical pesticide from neem leaves affected the mortality of armyworms along with the higher level of concentration given to each treatment during 72 hours of observation. The most effective concentration in this study was the M₁ treatment with a mortality rate of 52% and a caterpillar mortality rate of 1.70 tails/hour. The values of LC_{50-60 hours} and LC_{50-72 hours} were 16.30% and 11.97%, which indicated that the botanical pesticide from neem leaves were effective in killing 50% of pests within 60 hours and 72 hours, respectively.