Karakteristik dan Komposisi Minyak Atsiri dari Sampel Gabungan Daun-Ranting Limau Kuit Asal Astambul dan Aranio

Delfa Nayla Fitria, Azidi Irwan, Abdullah Abdullah

Abstract


Limau kuit is believed to be a local orange from South Kalimantan. Limau kuit has a distinctive aroma different from other oranges and is thought from its essential oil. The essential oil from limau kuit has the potential to be extracted and produced into valuable goods. Limau kuit essential oil from a combination of leaves and twigs has never been reported before. The composition of essential oils is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The region producing limau kuit in Kabupaten Banjar is in Kecamatan Astambul and Kecamatan Aranio. These places geographically have different conditions, especially the altitude of the location, so it is thought to have a difference in the essential oils. This research aims to obtain essential oil from the leaves and twigs of limau kuit by hydrosteam distillation and determine the characteristics and composition of each plant's origin. Hydrosteam distillation was carried out for 6 hours at 60-70 °C. The essential oil of leaves and twigs of limau kuit is transparent pale yellow and has an aroma similar to the source with an average yield of 0.6027% (v/w) or 0.5062% (w/w). The specific gravity, refractive index, optical rotation, and solubility in alcohol, respectively, of Astambul essential oil are 0.8540; 1.4792; (-14.05); and 1:6; and Aranio 0.8495; 1.4792; (+)0.16, and 1:7. Based on the results of GC-MS analysis, the components of Astambul and Aranio essential oils overall tend to be the same with a difference of 25%. Number of compounds in essential oil from Astambul was 32, while from Aranio was 38. The three main compounds in essential oils from Astambul and Aranio are g-terpinene, o-cymene, and (+)-bicyclogermacrene, with the respective %area in Astambul essential oil, was 25%; 13.22%, and 6.38%; and Aranio was 22.43%; 11.68%; and 5.88%.

KEYWORD : Limau kuit leaves-twigs; essential oil; hydrosteam distillation; Astambul; Aranio.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Anggia, M., Mutiar, S., & Arziyah, D. (2018). Teknologi Ekstraksi Bunga Kenanga (Cananga odorata L.) dan Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L.) Sebagai Aroma Terapi Sabun Cair. Jurnal Daur Lingkungan, 1(1), 5–9.

Ariani, S. R. D., Prihasti, A. G., & Prasetyawati, A. N. (2023). Buku Referensi Inovasi Hand Sanitizer Beradisi Minyak Atsiri Serai Wangi dengan Kombinasi Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Lemon, Nipis, dan Purut. Penerbit Uwais Inspirasi Indonesia.

Baser, K. H. C., & Demirci, F. (2007). Chemistry of Essential Oils. In R. G. Berger (Ed.), Flavours and Fragrances (pp. 43–86). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49339-6_4

Baser, K. H. C., & Buchbauer, G. (2010). Handbook of Essential Oil Science,Technology, and Applications. CRC Press.

Boaro, C. S. F., Vieira, M. A. R., Campos, F. G., Ferreira, G., De-la-Cruz-Chacón, I., & Marques, M. O. M. (2019). Factors Influencing the Production and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Aromatic Plants from Brazil. Essential Oil Research, 19–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16546-8_2

Brah, A. S., Armah, F. A., Obuah, C., Awketey, S. A., & Adokoh, C. K. (2023). Toxicity and Therapeutic Applications of Citrus Essential Oils (CEOs): a Review. International Journal of Food Properties, 26(1), 301–326. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2022.2158864

Budiarto, R., & Sholikin, M. M. (2022). Kaffir Lime Essential Oil Variation in the Last Fifty Years: A Meta-Analysis of Plant Origins, Plant Parts and Extraction Methods. Horticulturae, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8121132

Chemat, F. (2010). Techniques for Oil Extraction. In M. Sawamura (Ed.), Citrus Essential Oils: Flavor and Fragrance. John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Choi, H.-S. (2010). Functional Properties. In M. Sawamura (Ed.), Citrus Essential Oils: Flavor and Fragrance. John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Deng, W., Liu, K., Cao, S., Sun, J., Zhong, B., & Chun, J. (2020). Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Antiproliferative Properties of Grapefruit Essential Oil Prepared by Molecular Distillation. Molecules, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010217

Efendi, D., Budiarto, R., Poerwanto, R., Santosa, E., & Agusta, A. (2021). Relationship among Agroclimatic Variables, Soil and Leaves Nutrient Status with the Yield and Main Composition Of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC) Leaves Essential Oil. Metabolites, 11(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050260

Figueiredo, A. C., Barrosa, J. G., Pedro, L. G., & Scheffer, J. J. C. (2008). Factors Affecting Secondary Metabolite Production in Plants: Volatile Components and Essential Oils. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 23(4), 213–226.

Irwan, A., & Junaidi, A. B. (2020). Kajian Awal Metabolomik Pada Ekstrak Metanol Daging Buah Limau Kuit Dengan Analisis GC-MS Tidak Tertarget. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lingkungan Lahan Basah, 5(April), 27–31.

Irwan, A., Mustikasari, K., & Ariyani, D. (2017). Pemeriksaan Pendahuluan Kimia Daun, Kulit, dan Buah Limau Kuit: Jeruk Lokal Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia, 11(2), 71–79.

Irwan, A., & Rosyidah, K. (2019). Potensi Minyak Atsiri dari Limau Kuit: Jeruk Lokal Kalimantan Selatan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lingkungan Lahan Basah, 4(1), 197–202.

Ju, J. (2023). Essential Oil as Antimicrobial Agents in Food Preservation. CRC Press.

Kristian, J., Zain, S., Nurjanah, S., Widyasanti, A., & Puti, S. H. (2016). Pengaruh Lama Ekstraksi Terhadap Rendemen dan Mutu Minyak Bunga Melati Putih Menggunakan Metode Ekstraksi Extraction). Jurnal Teknotan, 10(2), 34–43.

Kurniawati, Y. (2018). Pengaruh Perlakuan Pada Daun Limau Kuit Terhadap Karakteristik Minyak Atsiri dengan Metode Ekstraksi Soxhlet Menggunakan Pelarut n-heksana. Skripsi. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.

Lawrence, B. M. (2003). Progress in Essential Oils. Perfumer & Flavorist, 28, 54–89.

Mangun, H. M. S., Waluyo, H., & Purnama, A. (2012). Nilam. Penerbit Penebar Swadaya.

Nugraheni, K. S., Khasanah, L. U., Utami, R., & Ananditho, B. K. (2016). Pengaruh Perlakuan Pendahuluan dan Variasi Metode Destilasi Terhadap Karakteristik Mutu Minyak Atsiri Daun Kayu Manis (C. burmanii). Jurnal Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, IX(2), 51–64.

Nurcahyo, H. (2014). Pembuatan Destilasi Kapasitas 100 Kg. Parapemikir: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 3(2).

Panjaitan, V. L., & Irwan, A. (2023). Ekstraksi dan Karakterisasi Minyak Atsiri dari Daun Limau Kuit dengan Metode Distilasi Uap–Air dan Kondensor Bola Termodifikasi serta Analisis Komposisinya Menggunakan Gc-Ms. Jurnal Natural Scientiae, 3(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.20527/jns.v3i1.8289

Qin, T., & Yang, S. (2016). A New and Simple Synthetic Route to Furaniod Linalool Oxide from Citral. Engineering and Technology Research, ICETA, 1162–1167. https://doi.org/10.12783/dtetr/iceta2016/7150

Rahman, A., Yulinda, R., & Sari, M. M. (2022). Pengaruh Kombinasi Karagenan dan Xanthan Gum Terhadap Kualitas Gel Pengharum Ruangan Berbahan Baku Minyak Atsiri Kulit Limau Kuit. JUSTER: Jurnal Sains Dan Terapan, 1(3), 1–14.

Ramalho, T. R. D. O., Pacheco De Oliveira, M. T., Lima, A. L. D. A., Bezerra-Santos, C. R., & Piuvezam, M. R. (2015). Gamma-Terpinene Modulates Acute Inflammatory Response in Mice. Planta Medica, 81(14), 1248–1254. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1546169

Sastrohamidjojo, H. (2004). Kimia Minyak Atsiri. Gadjah Mada University Press.

Sembiring, H. B. (2018). Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antioksidan Minyak Atsiri Daun Asam Jungga (Citrus jambhiri Lush). Chimica et Natura Acta, 6(1), 19–24. https://doi.org/10.24198/cna.v6.n1.16446

Shinta, F. S. (2022). Ektraksi dan Karakterisasi Minyak Atsiri dari Kulit Buah Limau Kuit Asasl Desa Sungai Tuan dengan Metode Distilasi Uap-Air dan Kondensor Bola Termodifikasi Serta Analisis Komposisinya Menggunakan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Skripsi. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.

Shopyanto, A. (2019). Analisis Komposisi dan Mutu Minyak Atsiri Kulit Buah Limau Kuit Hasil Distilasi Air dengan Keadaan Basah dan Kering. Skripsi. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.

Silvestre, W. P., Sachett, F. H., Agostini, F., Boettcher, G. N., Sulzbach, M., Gonzatto, M. P., Schwarz, S. F., & Pauletti, G. F. (2020). Chemical Composition of Petitgrain (Leaf) Essential Oil of Different Citrus Rootstocks And Scion Cultivars. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 32(5), 394–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2020.1787886

Smith, H., & Idrus, S. (2018). Karakteristik Minyak Kayu Putih pada Berbagai Lokasi di Maluku. Majalah Biam, 14(2), 58–69.

Stoilova, I., Bail, S., Buchbauer, G., Krastanov, A., Stoyanova, A., Schmidt, E., & Jirovetz, L. (2008). Chemical Composition, Olfactory Evaluation and Antioxidant Effects of the Essential Oil of Satureja montana L. Natural Product Communications, 3(7), 1035–1042.

Sulhidayatun, Anwar, H., & Lestari, A. T. (2022). Pengaruh Ketinggian Tempat Terhadap Rendemen, Bobot Jenis dan Kandungan Minyak Daun Cengkeh. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Mahasiswa Kehutanan Indonesia, 1(1), 104–110.

Syafitri, M. H., & Fazadini, S. Y. (2020). Analisis Mutu Minyak Atsiri Biji Buah Kapulaga Lokal (Amomum cardamomum) Berasal dari Pulau Jawa dan Bali. Inovasi, XXII(2), 74–80.

Talapatra, S. K., & Talapatra, B. (2015). Chemistry of Plant Natural Products: Stereochemistry, Conformation, Synthesis, Biology, and Medicine. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45410-3

Talebi, S. M., Nohooji, M. G., Yarmohammadi, M., Khani, M., & Matsyura, A. (2019). Effect of Altitude on Essential Oil Composition and on Glandular Trichome Density in Three Nepeta Species (N. Sessilifolia, N. Heliotropifolia and N. Fissa). Mediterranean Botany, 40(1), 81–93. https://doi.org/10.5209/MBOT.59730

Wüst, M., & Mosandl, A. (1999). Important Chiral Monoterpenoid Ethers in Flavours and Essential Oils - Enantioselective Analysis and Biogenesis. European Food Research and Technology, 209(1), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002170050447




DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/jns.v4i1.11752

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Lisensi Creative Commons

Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi 4.0 Internasional.

Diterbitkan oleh FMIPA Universitas Lambung Mangkurat