KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT SUKU DAYAK MERATUS TERHADAP HUTAN PAMALI (HUTAN KERAMAT) DI KAMPUNG KIYU

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to study the local wisdom of the pamali forest by the Dayak Meratus tribe in the Kiyu village, namely the impact of this local wisdom on the composition and level of diversity and uniformity of pamali forest vegetation types in Kiyu village. This research was conducted in Kiyu Village, Hinas Kiri Village, Batang Alai Timur District, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, South Kalimantan. The reason why the kiyu village was chosen was because most of the people of the kiyu village were close to a protected forest area. The research was carried out for 3 months. The method used to extract information on local wisdom data (socio-cultural aspects) is by conducting observations and interviews with informants in the Kiyu village, while for the condition of the Pamali forest (ecological aspects), especially regarding the composition and diversity and uniformity of vegetation types using plots an example is a checkered path. The results showed that local wisdom in the form of traditional community knowledge, culture in seeing the forest was passed down from their ancestors from generation to generation from generation to generation until now. The results of the vegetation analysis on the pamali forest community show that the diversity of vegetation and community of the pamali forest, both in the community of seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees, is still widely found, the diversity of vegetation is relatively large, reaching 327 types of vegetation which are classified as high for both the seedling community saplings, poles, and trees and that shows the stable condition of the pamali forest vegetation.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kearifan lokal terhadap hutan pamali oleh masyarakat suku dayak meratus di kampung kiyu, yaitu dampak kearifan lokal tersebut terhadap komposisi serta tingkat keanekaragaman dan keseragaman jenis vegetasi hutan pamali di kampung kiyu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kampung Kiyu desa Hinas Kiri, Kecamatan Batang Alai Timur Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah, Kalimantan Selatan. Alasan kampung kiyu dipilih karena sebagian besar masyarakat kampung kiyu, berdekatan dengan kawasan hutan lindung. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini selama 3 bulan. Metode yang digunakan untuk menggali informasi data kearifan local (aspek sosial-budaya) adalah dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara dengan informan yang berada di kampung kiyu, sedangkan untuk kondisi hutan pamali (aspek ekologis), terutama tentang komposisi serta keanekaragaman dan keseragaman jenis vegetasi menggunakan plot contoh berupa jalur berpetak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kearifan lokal setempat berupa pengetahuan tradisional masyarakat, budaya dalam memandang hutan diwariskan oleh nenek moyang secara turun temurun dari generasi kegenerasi sampai sekarang ini. Hasil analisis vegetasi terhadap komunitas hutan pamali menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman vegetasi dan komunitas hutan pamali baik komunitas semai, pancang, tiang, maupun pohon masih banyak ditemukannya, keragaman vegetasi yang jumlahnya sangat relatif banyak yaitu, mencapai 327 jenis vegetasi  yang tergolong tinggi baik untuk komunitas semai, pancang, tiang, dan pohon dan bahwa menunjukkan kondisi vegetasi hutan pamali stabil.