STUDI SIFAT TARIK DAN IMPAK SERAT NANAS DAN RAMI DIPENGARUHI FRAKSI VOLUME KOMPOSIT MATRIKS POLYESTER
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fraksi volume terhadap orientasi serat searah terhadap kekuatan tarik dan ketangguhan impak. Serat yang digunakan adalah serat nanas dan rami, sedangkan matriks yang digunakan resin poliester Yukalac 157 BQTN-EX. Komposit dibuat menggunakan teknik hand lay up. Uji tarik dengan standar ASTM D638, uji impak charpy dengan standar E23. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kekuatan tarik terbesar diperoleh dari komposit resin poliester yang diperkuat dengan serat rami pada fraksi volume komposit 9 : 91, dengan nilai 69,45 MPa, sedangkan kekuatan tarik terendah pada fraksi volume serat 3 : 97, dengan nilai 39,580 MPa pada komposit serat nanas. Selain itu, komposit mempunyai nilai ketangguhan tumbukan paling tinggi pada fraksi volume serat 12 : 88 serat nanas yang mempunyai harga impak sebesar 0,00700326 J/mm2, dan harga impak terendah pada komposit serat rami pada fraksi volume serat 3 : 97 dengan harga impak sebesar 0,001647243 J/mm2. Hasil nilai kekuatan tarik dan impak dapat diketahui bahwa memberi perbedaan fraksi volume dengan orientasi serat searah pada komposit begitu bepengaruh.
This study aims to determine the effect of volume fraction on the orientation of unidirectional fibers on tensile strength and impact toughness. The fibers used are pineapple and hemp fibers, while the matrix used is Yukalac 157 BQTN-EX polyester resin. The composite is made using the hand lay up technique. Tensile test with ASTM D638 standard, charpy impact test with E23 standard. The results showed that the greatest tensile strength was obtained from polyester resin composites reinforced with hemp fibers in the composite volume fraction of 9 : 91, with a value of 69.45 MPa, while the lowest tensile strength was in the fiber volume fraction of 3 : 97, with a value of 39.580 MPa in pineapple fiber composites. In addition, the composite has the highest impact toughness value in the fiber volume fraction of 12 : 88 pineapple fiber which has an impact price of 0.00700326 J/mm2, and the lowest impact price in hemp fiber composite at the fiber volume fraction of 3 : 97 with an impact price of 0.001647243 J/mm2. The results of the tensile strength and impact values can be found that giving the difference in volume fraction with the orientation of unidirectional fibers on the composite is so influential.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/jtam_rotary.v7i1.13157
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