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INHIBITOR KOROSI DARI DAUN POHON KAPUK DENGAN EFEKTIFITAS PERLINDUNGAN YANG BAIK PADA LINGKUNGAN ASAM
Abstract
Proses pickling dalam lingkungan asam sering menimbulkan tantangan lingkungan yang signifikan terutama akibat penggunaan senyawa organik sintetis sebagai inhibitor korosi untuk melindungi permukaan baja karbon. Untuk meminimalkan dampak lingkungan dan mengurangi laju korosi, pengembangan inhibitor korosi berbasis bahan alami menjadi penting. Dalam penelitian ini, ekstrak daun pohon kapuk (Ceiba pentandra) dievaluasi sebagai inhibitor korosi pada baja karbon dalam larutan HCl 1 M. Karakterisasi kinerja inhibitor dilakukan melalui uji polarisasi Tafel dan Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ekstrak daun kapuk membentuk lapisan pelindung yang kompak dan homogen pada permukaan logam sehingga secara signifikan menurunkan laju korosi. Pada konsentrasi optimum 3000 mg/L, efisiensi perlindungan mencapai 80,29 %. Uji EIS menunjukkan peningkatan drastis nilai resistansi polarisasi menandakan terbentuknya film inhibitor yang efektif. Studi ini membuktikan bahwa ekstrak daun pohon kapuk memiliki potensi besar sebagai inhibitor korosi ramah lingkungan pada lingkungan asam serta menawarkan alternatif berkelanjutan bagi penggunaan inhibitor sintetis dalam aplikasi industri.
The pickling process in an acidic environment often presents significant environmental challenges, primarily due to the use of synthetic organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors to protect the surface of carbon steel. To minimize environmental impact and reduce the corrosion rate, the development of natural material-based corrosion inhibitors is crucial. In this study, the leaf extract of the kapok tree (Ceiba pentandra) was evaluated as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution. The performance of the inhibitor was characterized using Tafel polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) tests with varying extract concentrations. The research results show that kapok leaf extract forms a compact and homogeneous protective layer on the metal surface, thereby significantly reducing the corrosion rate. At an optimum concentration of 3000 mg/L, the protection efficiency reaches 80,29%. EIS tests show a drastic increase in polarization resistance values, indicating the formation of an effective inhibitor film. This study proves that kapok tree leaf extract has great potential as an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor in acidic environments and offers a sustainable alternative to the use of synthetic inhibitors in industrial applications.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/jtam_rotary.v7i2.16569
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