TOXICITY TEST OF Eusideroxylon zwageri BARK EXTRACT ON KIDNEY HISTOPATHOLOGY GLOMERULAR HYPERTROPHY AND HYDROPIC DEGENERATION

Gusti Erysa Nur Tsaniya, I Wayan Arya Krishnawan Firdaus, Nurdiana Dewi, Juliyatin Putri Utami, Bambang Setiawan

Abstract


Background: Ironwood bark extract (Eusideroxylon zwageri) has antioxidant properties such as tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins and alkonoids. Most compounds in the ironwood bark extract were phenolics (31.28 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (30.48 mg CE/g), and proanthocyanidins (183.30 mg PE/g). These can be used as alternative herbal medicines, but also has toxic effects, so a toxicity test is necessary. Toxicity tests can be seen through histopathological parameters based on glomerular hypertrophy and hydropic degeneration. Purpose: To determine the toxic effect of ironwood bark extract administration at doses of 1,250 mg/kg, 2,750 mg/kg, and 4,750 mg/kg orally on the kidneys of Wistar rats based on histopathological appearance of glomerular hypertrophy and hydropic degeneration. Methods: Pure experimental study with a posttest-only with control design, consisting of 4 groups with 3 treatment groups given ironwood bark extract at doses of 1,250 mg/kg, 2,750 mg/kg, and 4,750 mg/kg, and 1 control group was given distilled water 2x1 ml every 24 hours orally for 14 days. Results: In administration of ironwood bark extract at doses of 2,750 mg/kgBW and 4,750 mg/kgBW, glomerular diameter was found increased. The histopathological hydropic degeneration showed a score of 1 in all dose groups. The research data were analyzed using the One Way Anova and Kruskal Wallis tests. Both tests showed no significant differences between groups. Conclusion: There was no toxic effect of ironwood bark extract at doses of 1,250 mg/kg, 2,750 mg/kg, and 4,750 mg/kg on the kidneys of Wistar rats based on histopathological appearance of glomerular hypertrophy and hydropic degeneration.

Keywords


Glomerular hypertrophy; Histopathology; Hydropic degeneration; Ironwood bark extract; Toxicity

Full Text:

PDF

References


Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia/Kemenkes RI. Riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas 2018). Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan; 2018. 1-674.

Kusuma IW, Rahmini, Ramadhan R, Rahmawati N, Suwasono RA, Sari NM. Phytochemicals and antidiabetic activity of Eusideroxylon zwageri stem bark collected from East Kalimantan, Indonesia. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2018;144(1):1–7.

Salwa IN, Firdaus IWAK, Azizah A. Uji toksisitas ekstrak kulit batang ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) terhadap sel fibroblas BHK-21 secara in vitro. Dentin (Jur Ked Gigi). 2021;5(3):148–53.

Layal K. Peran Nrf2 dalam patogenesis stres oksidatif dan inflamasi pada penyakit ginjal kronik. Syifa’ Med J Kedokt dan Kesehat. 2016;7(1):16–24.

Carabelly AN, Sinaga U, Dewi N. Gambaran hipertrofi glomerulus dan degenerasi hidropik ginjal tikus model diabetes pada pemberian ikan toman. E-Prodenta J Dent. 2021;5(1):360–8.

Intan AEK, Manggau MA, Cangara H. Studi histopatologi organ hati dan ginjal dari tikus putih (Rattus novergicus) setelah pemberian dosis tunggal dan berulang ekstrak etanol parang romang (Boehmeria virgata (Forst) Guill). Maj Farm dan Farmakol. 2018;22(2):64–8.

BPOM RI. Peraturan badan pengawas obat dan makanan nomor 10 tahun 2022 tentang pedoman uji toksisitas praklinik secara in vivo. Jakarta: Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia; 2022. 1–220.

Mahriani, Wiyono HT, Husna NZ. Efek ekstrak daun seledri (Apium graveolens L.) terhadap struktur histologi ginjal tikus (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi etilen glikol. Metamorf J Biol Sci. 2021;8(1):99–106.

Rohman JHF, Sunarno, Isdadiyanto S, Mardiati SM. Efek minuman berenergi terhadap histopatologis ginjal tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus). Media Bina Ilm. 2021;15(7):4835–48.

Fahriyansyah F, Isdadiyanto S, Mardiati SM, Sitasiwi AJ. Gambaran histologi ren tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) hiperglikemia setelah pemberian ekstrak etanol daun mimba (Azadirachta Indica A. Juss). Bul Anat dan Fisiol. 2021;6(2):193–202.

Agi YA, Titrawani. Gambaran histologi ginjal tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout 1769) akibat pemberian kopi putih. J Biol Univ Andalas. 2021;9(2):60–7.

Septiva EB, Sitasiwi AJ, Isdadiyanto S. Struktur mikroanatomi ginjal mencit (Mus Musculus L.) betina setelah paparan ekstrak etanol daun mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss). J Pro-Life. 2019;6(2):180–90.

Purba SD, Tana S, Saraswati TR. Pengaruh air rendaman batang balimo (Zanthoxylum nitidum) terhadap histologis ginjal tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) setelah diberi ciu. Bul Anat dan Fisiol. 2021;6(1):7–16.

Gupta RC. Veterinary toxicology: Basic and clinical principles. Third Ed. United States: Academic Press; 2018. 1-14.

Pambelo AS. Pengaruh ekstrak bawang putih (Allium sativum) terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan gambaran histopatologi ginjal pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi streptozotocin. J Med Hutama. 2021;03(01):1728–33.

Susilorini, Wijaya I, Widjayahadi N. Pengaruh madu multiflora terhadap ekspresi faktor pertumbuhan endotel dan luas area glomerulus ginjal studi eksperimental pada tikus Sprague-dawley jantan yang diinduksi dengan STZ. Semin Nas Biol UNNES. 2013;1(1):206–12.

Wahyuningsih SPA, Ma’unah I, Winarni D. Toksisitas kronis polisakarida krestin dari ekstrak Coriolus versicolor pada histologi ginjal dan kadar kreatinin serum Mus musculus L. Pros Semin Nas from Basic Sci to Compr Educ. 2016;2(1):32–9.

Rahman F, Oktomalioputri B, Irramah M. Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun duwet (Syzigium cumini) terhadap gambaran histologi ginjal tikus (Rattus novergicus) yang diintoksikasi dengan timbal asetat. J Kesehat Andalas. 2020;9(1):171–7.

Fahrimal Y, Rahmiwati, Aliza D. Gambaran histopatologis ginjal tikus putih (Rattus novergicus) jantan yang diinfeksikan trypanosoma evansi dan diberi ekstrak daun sernai (Wedelia biflora). J Med Vet. 2016;10(2):166–70.

Kristian G, Ilmiawan MI, Yanti SN. Profil gambaran histopatologi ginjal pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) betina galur Sprague Dawley yang terpajan 7,12- dimetilbenz(α)antracene dan diberi ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (mill.) Urb.). Maj Kedokt Andalas. 2022;45(2):89–99.

Chikrista K, Ilmiawan MI, Handini M. Efek protektif kombinasi minyak jintan hitam (Nigella sativa) dan madu pada ginjal tikus yang diberi pajanan cisplatin. J Cerebellum. 2020;6(4):115–22.

Rosyida T, Budiani DR, Hakim FA, Pesik RN. Efek pemberian ekstrak daun Moringa oleifera terhadap kadar kreatinin dan gambaran histopatologi ginjal tikus putih hiperkolesterolemia. Malahayati Nurs J. 2022;4(10):2620–9.

Ernawati L, Witjahyo RBB, Ismail A. Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L) terhadap gambaran mikroskopis ginjal mencit Balb/C. Diponegoro Med J (Jurnal Kedokt Diponegoro). 2018;7(4):1647–60.

Sotler R, Poljšak B, Dahmane R, Jukić T, Jukić DP, Rotim C, Trebše P, Starc A. Prooxidant activities of antioxidants and their impact on health. Acta Clin Croat. 2019;58(4):726–36.

Makiyah SNN, Tasminatun S, Arsito PN, Fauziah KN, Nugrahanti DR, Putriani A. Subchronic toxicity of piperine in piper nigrum on the histology of the kidney, liver, and lungs of mice (Mus musculus L.). Bali Med J. 2021;10(3):1161–7.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/dentino.v9i2.20403

DOI (PDF): http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/dentino.v9i2.20403.g10412

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 128 times
PDF - 52 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Contact Us:
Faculty of Dentistry
Lambung Mangkurat University
Jalan Veteran No. 128 B Banjarmasin, Indonesia

E-mail. [email protected]
Website. fkg.ulm.ac.id

 

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.