Bagaimana Masyarakat DKI Jakarta Menyikapi Bencana Banjir? Analisis Peran Efikasi Diri, Keterikatan Tempat dan Kepercayaan terhadap Pemerintah terhadap Kesiapsiagaan Bencana
Abstract
Di saat bencana banjir secara konsisten terjadi di wilayah DKI Jakarta setiap tahunnya, masyarakat DKI Jakarta terkesan tenang saat mengalami bencana tersebut. Usaha pemerintah DKI Jakarta dalam menanggulangi banjir tak jarang menemui hambatan dari masyarakat. Penelitian kuantitatif ini dilakukan untuk menginvestigasi faktor efikasi diri dalam menghadapi bencana (disaster response self-efficacy), keterikatan tempat (place attachment) dan kepercayaan terhadap pemerintah (trust in government) dalam mempengaruhi kesiapsiagaan bencana banjir pada masyarakat DKI Jakarta. 486 partisipan dengan rentang usia 17-45 tahun yang tersebar di enam wilayah administratif di wilayah DKI Jakarta direkrut pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Hasil pengujian dengan analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri saat menghadapi bencana banjir (disaster self-efficacy), keterikatan tempat (place attachment), kepercayaan terhadap pemerintah (trust in government), usia dan jenis kelamin sebagai variabel kovariat berperan signifikan dalam membentuk kesiapsiagaan bencana pada masyarakat DKI Jakarta (F(5, 480) = 20,200; p=0,000). Meskipun secara simultan seluruh faktor yang diikutsertakan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan, hanya faktor efikasi diri saat menghadapi bencana banjir, place attachment dan usia yang menunjukkan kontribusi signifikan. Temuan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan bagi berbagai pihak pada proses mitigasi bencana banjir di wilayah DKI Jakarta.
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