Efektivitas terapi cold-water immersion dalam meningkatkan fungsi kognitif pada atlet sepak bola

Aimar Salsabila Andryan; Upik Rahmi; Septian Andriyani; Mukhlisin Mukhlisin

doi:10.20527/multilateral.v24i2.22273

Efektivitas terapi cold-water immersion dalam meningkatkan fungsi kognitif pada atlet sepak bola

Aimar Salsabila Andryan, Upik Rahmi, Septian Andriyani, Mukhlisin Mukhlisin

Abstract

Sepak bola merupakan olahraga berintensitas tinggi yang menuntut ketahanan fisik dan kognitif yang optimal. Salah satu metode pemulihan yang digunakan adalah Cold Water Immersion (CWI). Meskipun terbukti bermanfaat bagi pemulihan fisiologis, penelitian mengenai efeknya terhadap fungsi kognitif masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh CWI terhadap fungsi kognitif atlet sepak bola. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi-eksperimental dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest kelompok kontrol. Sebanyak 40 atlet dari Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia dibagi menjadi dua kelompok: intervensi (CWI suhu 10°C sebanyak tujuh sesi) dan kontrol (tanpa perlakuan). Pengukuran fungsi kognitif dilakukan dengan Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) dan Trail Making Test (TMT A & B). Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test, independent t-test, Wilcoxon, dan Mann-Whitney U. Hasil menunjukkan kelompok intervensi mengalami peningkatan signifikan dalam kecepatan pemrosesan informasi, keterampilan visual-motorik, dan fleksibilitas kognitif (p < 0,001), sedangkan kelompok kontrol tidak menunjukkan perubahan signifikan (p > 0,05). Pada PVT, kelompok intervensi juga mengalami peningkatan kewaspadaan psikomotorik dan waktu reaksi (p < 0,001). Kesimpulannya, CWI berkontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan fungsi kognitif dan dapat diintegrasikan dalam strategi pemulihan atlet.

Keywords

Cold water immersion; fungsi kognitif; sepak bola

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/multilateral.v24i2.22273