EFEKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGI EKSTRAK METANOL BATANG PISANG MAULI (Musa acuminata) DAN Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% TERHADAP Candida albicans

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background: Mauli banana stem extract has antifungal effectiveness against Candida albicans because it has flavonoid, saponin, and tannin substances. Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% is widely used to treat oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans fungal infection. Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% is known to have caused side effects. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to knowing the antifungal effectiveness differences between 25%, 80%, 100% mauli stem methanol extracts and chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% against Candida albicans. Methods: This study was true experimental with post test-only with control group design consisted of 4 treatment groups. Treatment group I,II,III each was given 25%, 80%, 100% mauli banana stem methanol extract
respectively and treatment group IV was given chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% as positive control group. The repetition of each treatment was 7 times. Antifungal effectiveness was assessed by measuring inhibition zone of Candida albicans growth using diffusion method. Results: This research showed that mean inhibition zone of treatment group I (13 mm), treatment group II (17 mm), treatment group III (19 mm), and treatment group IV (21 mm). One-way Anova test indicated that there was significant difference between 25%, 80%, 100% mauli banana stem methanol extracts and chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2%. Conclusion: Based on the Post-hoc Bonferroni test, it can be concluded that 100% concentration mauli banana stem methanol extract had more prominent antifungal effectiveness than 25% and 80% against Candida albicans but still less effective than chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2%.

Keywords: mauli banana stem extract, antifungal effectiveness, Candida albicans, chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2%

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Ekstrak batang pisang mauli memiliki efektivitas antifungi terhadap Candida albicans karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% biasanya digunakan untuk mengobati kandidiasis oral yang disebabkan oleh infeksi jamur Candida albicans. Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% diketahui dapat menimbulkan efek samping. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas antifungi ekstrak metanol batang pisang mauli konsentrasi 25%, 80%, 100% dan chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% terhadap Candida albicans. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni dengan post test-only with control group design yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan. Perlakuan I,II,III masing-masing diberikan ekstrak metanol batang pisang mauli konsentrasi 25%, 80%, 100% dan perlakuan IV diberikan chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% sebagai kontrol positif. Jumlah pengulangan setiap perlakuan adalah 7 kali. Efektivitas antifungi dinilai dari mengukur zona hambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans dengan metode difusi. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata zona hambat yang terbentuk pada perlakuan I (13 mm), perlakuan II (17 mm), perlakuan III (19 mm), dan perlakuan IV (21 mm). Uji Oneway Anova menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara efektivitas antifungi ekstrak methanol batang pisang mauli konsentrasi 25%, 80%, 100% dan chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2%.

Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan uji Post-hoc Bonferroni dapat disimpulkan bahwa efektivitas antifungi ekstrak metanol batang pisang mauli konsentrasi 100% lebih besar dibandingkan 25% dan 80%, tetapi masih kurang efektif dengan chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2%.