ADSORPSI LOGAM BESI (Fe) SUNGAI BARITO MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN DARI BATANG PISANG

Nur Hidayah, Erlinda Deviyani, Doni Rahmat Wicakso

Abstract


Abstrak- Berdasarkan laporan BLHD Kalimantan Selatan tahun 2009 kandungan Fe Sungai Barito mencapai 2,5455 mg/L. Kadar ini melampaui aturan KEPMENKES tahun 2002 yang hanya membolehkan kandungan Fe dalam air sebesar 0,3 mg/L.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari kemampuan batang pisang menurunkan kadar Fe dalam sampel air Sungai Barito serta mengetahui kondisi terbaik adsorben berdasarkan variasi proses aktivasi, aktivator, ukuran diameter adsorben, kecepatan pengadukan dan lama kontak adsorpsi dalam menurunkan kadar Fe sungai Barito sehingga  didapatkan air Sungai Barito yang memenuhi standart air minum ataupun air bersih berdasarkan KEPMENKES tahun 2002.Penelitian ini didasarkan pada  proses awal adsorpsi yang diakhiri dengan proses filtrasi. Batang pisang yang telah dibersihkan dipotong kecil untuk memudahkan penguapan kandungan air pada saat dipanaskan di bawah panas matahari kemudian dihaluskan dengan blender.Untuk mendapatkan ukuran diameter batang pisang 20, 30 dan 40 mesh, batang pisang diayak dengan menggunakan sieve track. Batang pisang selanjutnya diaktivasi secara kimia dengan menggunakan larutan KMnO4 ­0,1 M dan ZnCl2 0,1 M selama 24 jam. Sedangkan pada proses aktivasi fisika, batang pisang dipirolisis selama 30 menit dengan suhu 500oC. Karbon aktif yang dihasilkan digunakan untuk proses adsorpsi dengan beberapa variasi kondisi yang hasilnya akan diuji dengan menggunakan alat spectofotometry.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa batang pisang dapat menurunkan kandungan Fe dalam air Sungai Barito. Kondisi terbaik penurunan kandungan  Fe berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan pada batang pisang ukuran 40 mesh yang diaktivasi secara fisika-kimia dengan menggunakan aktivator KMnO4 dengan kecepatan pengadukan 150 rpm dan lama waktu kontak 1 jam.

Keywords: adsorpsi, batang pisang, Fe, sungai barito

Abstract- Grounded on BLHD’s report of South Borneo on 2009, Fe contents in Barito river achieve 2,5455 mg/L. This level pass by KEPMENKES on 2002 which only permit Fe contents in water as many 0,3 mg/L. The goals of this research are to study ability of banana stem to decrease Fe contents in water sample of Barito river. Knowing the best adsorbent condition to decrease Fe contents in Barito river based on variations of activation process, kind of activator,  adsorbent diameter size, stirring of velocity and adsorption duration as well as to find water of Barito river which appropriate with clean or drink water standart based on KEPMENKES on 2002.This research started with adsorption process and finishing with filtration process. Banana stem is washed until clean and then cut to small slice to abridge vaporization of water contents when is hoted under the sun. The dried banana stem be broken with blender. Banana stem is screned to find diameter size as big as 20, 30 and 40 mesh. Then, banana stem is activated using KMnO4 ­0,1 M dan ZnCl2 0,1 M solution during 24 hours. Whereas in physics activation, banana stem is pyrolysed during 30 minute at 500oC. Activated carbon is used to adsorption with some variation. The result will test use spectofotometry.Result of this research indicate that banana stem can decrease Fe content in water of Barito river. Activated carbon with size 40 mesh which use physic-chemical activation with  KMnO40,1 M solution as well as 150 rpm strring velocity and ahour adsorption duration give the best result.

 

Keywords: adsorption, banana stem, Fe, Barito river


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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/k.v1i1.83

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