Analisis Fitokimia dan Kapasitas Total Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Katemas (Euphorbia heterophylla)

Yasmin Zahra; Siufui Hendrawan; Frans Ferdinal

doi:10.20527/wb.v17i1.22924

Analisis Fitokimia dan Kapasitas Total Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Katemas (Euphorbia heterophylla)

Yasmin Zahra, Siufui Hendrawan, Frans Ferdinal

Abstract

Euphorbia heterophylla or “katemas” has therapeutic benefits to counteract the risk of free radical exposure. This research is an in vitro study and bioassay of katemas leaves from North Lampung, Indonesia. The tests conducted included phytochemical screening, total phenolic content determination, antioxidant capacity measurement using 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay, as well as toxicity testing using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The results showed that the methanolic leaf extract of katemas contained various phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids, phenolics, glycosides, coumarins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, betacyanins, saponins, cardioglycosides, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins. The extract contained a total phenolic content of 21.84 mg GAE/g. Antioxidant capacity showed IC50 values of 22.74 and 16.54 µg/mL with Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) values of 0.69 and 0.61 in ABTS and FRAP methods classified as very strong antioxidants. Toxicity test with BSLT method resulted in LC50 value of 435.49 µg/mL extract classified as moderate toxicity. The phytochemical content of the methanolic leaf extract of E. heterophylla demonstrates its potential as a natural antioxidant source with antimitotic activity.

Keywords

Antioxidant; Euphorbia heterophylla; Phenolic; Phytochemical; TEAC

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/wb.v17i1.22924