INOVASI METODE ASESMEN FORMATIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP: STUDI LITERATUR

Hery Fajeriadi, Fahmi Fahmi, Bimo Aji Nugroho, Antung Fitriani

Abstract


Meskipun asesmen formatif diakui penting dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa, penerapannya di kelas biologi belum optimal karena masih didominasi metode penilaian tradisional yang fokus pada hasil akhir. Keterbatasan dalam memberikan umpan balik yang personal dan berkelanjutan menghambat peningkatan pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep-konsep yang kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi inovasi dalam asesmen formatif yang lebih efektif, terutama yang menggunakan teknologi, untuk mengatasi keterbatasan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur untuk menganalisis inovasi asesmen formatif dalam pembelajaran biologi dan dampaknya terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa. Data dikumpulkan dari artikel ilmiah terindeks Scopus pada laman ScienceDirect.com yang diterbitkan antara 2018 hingga 2022, dengan kriteria inklusi yang meliputi relevansi topik dan dampak asesmen formatif. Proses pencarian dan seleksi artikel dilakukan berdasarkan kata kunci yang spesifik, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis menyeluruh terhadap bagian penting dari setiap artikel. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis konten untuk mensintesis hasil dari penelitian yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 232 dokumen memenuhi kriteria inklusi dari total 20.393 dokumen. Peningkatan publikasi secara signifikan terjadi pada tahun 2021 dan 2022. Temuan dari analisis sampel sepuluh artikel menunjukkan inovasi asesmen formatif, seperti penggunaan teknologi dan umpan balik berbasis data, dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa melalui pendekatan interaktif dan kolaboratif, serta menekankan pentingnya mempertimbangkan faktor kontekstual dan menggunakan instrumen penilaian yang valid dan reliabel untuk efektivitas optimal.

Kata kunci: Asesmen formatif, pendidikan biologi, pemahaman konsep, inovasi metode, hasil belajar siswa.

 

Although formative assessment is recognized as important in improving students' concept understanding, its application in biology classrooms is not optimal because it is still dominated by traditional assessment methods that focus on the final result. Limitations in providing personalized and continuous feedback hinder the improvement of students' understanding of complex concepts. This research aims to identify innovations in formative assessment that are more effective, especially those that use technology, to overcome these limitations. This research uses a literature study approach to analyze innovations in formative assessment in biology learning and their impact on students' concept understanding. Data were collected from Scopus-indexed scientific articles on ScienceDirect.com published between 2018 and 2022, with inclusion criteria including topic relevance and impact of formative assessment. The article search and selection process were based on specific keywords, followed by a thorough analysis of the key sections of each article. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques to synthesize results from relevant research. The results showed that 232 documents met the inclusion criteria from a total of 20,393 documents. A significant increase in publications occurred in 2021 and 2022. Findings from the analysis of a sample of ten articles showed formative assessment innovations, such as the use of technology and data-driven feedback, can improve students' concept understanding through interactive and collaborative approaches, and emphasized the importance of considering contextual factors and using valid and reliable assessment instruments for optimal effectiveness.

Keywords: Formative assessment, biology education, conceptual understanding, method innovation, student learning outcomes.


Keywords


asesmen formatif; pendidikan biologi; pemahaman konsep; inovasi metode; hasil belajar siswa

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/i.v3i2.13689

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