Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain Among Public Health Students in Papua Province

Ilmidin Ilmidin; Petrus Yohanes Ismail Arwimbar; Apriyana Irjayanti; Galio Rudolfo Dian Burdames; Abdul Hanan; Rizal Fikri; Antonius Satrio Wicaksono Dosinaeng

doi:10.20527/jbkes.v12i1.25637

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain Among Public Health Students in Papua Province

Ilmidin Ilmidin, Petrus Yohanes Ismail Arwimbar, Apriyana Irjayanti, Galio Rudolfo Dian Burdames, Abdul Hanan, Rizal Fikri, Antonius Satrio Wicaksono Dosinaeng

Abstract

As one of the Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), Low Back Pain (LBP) is the most prevalent case and a serious problem experienced by both developed and developing countries such as Indonesia. This pain is not only felt by adults but also by university students. This study aims to examine the prevalence and risk factors influencing the occurrence of LBP. The research method used a cross-sectional design with binary logistic regression tests. Data collection was carried out through direct measurements and surveys using questionnaires among students of the Public Health Department at Cenderawasih University, Papua Province, Indonesia. The results of this study showed that the prevalence of LBP complaints among students was 74%, and only one variable significantly influenced the occurrence of LBP, which was Gender, with a p-value of 0.019 and an Odds Ratio of 2.201 (95% CI: 1.136-4.263). Other variables such as the way of carrying a bag and the weight of the bag were nearly significant, both receiving a p-value of 0.090, with an Odds ratio of 1.668 for the way of carrying the bag and 1.645 for the weight of the bag. This study is expected to serve as a basis for future research to assess the influence of other variables on the incidence of LBP.

Keywords

lbp; backpack; smoking; alcohol; students

Full Text:

PDF

References

Alcántara-Bumbiedro, S., Flórez-García, M. T., Echávarri-Pérez, C., & García-Pérez, F. (2006). Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Rehabilitacion, 40(3), 150–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7120(06)74881-2

AlShayhan, F. A., & Saadeddin, M. (2018). Prevalence of low back pain among health sciences students. European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology, 28(2), 165–170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-017-2034-5

Alshehri, M. M., Alqhtani, A. M., Gharawi, S. H., Sharahily, R. A., Fathi, W. A., Alnamy, S. G., Alothman, S. A., Alshehri, Y. S., Alhowimel, A. S., & Alqahtani, B. A. (2023). Prevalence of lower back pain and its associations with lifestyle behaviors among college students in Saudi Arabia. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 24(1), 646.

Assiri, A., Mahfouz, A. A., Awadalla, N. J., Abolyazid, A. Y., & Shalaby, M. (2020). Back pain and schoolbags among adolescents in Abha City, Southwestern Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1), 5.

Baradaran Mahdavi, S., Riahi, R., Vahdatpour, B., & Kelishadi, R. (2021). Association between sedentary behavior and low back pain; A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Promotion Perspectives, 11(4), 393–410. https://doi.org/10.34172/hpp.2021.50

Boszczowski, N., Pinto, R. C. R., & Araújo Junior, F. A. D. E. (2021). Low back pain in Medical students: Prevalence and Related Factors. Coluna/Columna, 20, 197–200.

Feleke, M., Getachew, T., Shewangizaw, M., Gebremickael, A., & Boshe, M. (2024). Prevalence of low back pain and associated factors among medical students in Wachemo University Southern Ethiopia. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 23518. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72597-4

Haroon, H., Mehmood, S., Imtiaz, F., Ali, S. A., & Sarfraz, M. (2018). Musculoskeletal pain and its associated risk factors among medical students of a public sector University in Karachi, Pakistan. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 68(4), 682–688.

Hawamdeh, M., Altaim, T. A., Shallan, A., Gaowgzeh, R. A., Obaidat, S. M., Alfawaz, S., Al-Nassan, S. M., Neamatallah, Z., Eilayyan, O., & Alabasi, U. M. (2022). Low back pain prevalence among distance learning students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 342.

Hawamdeh, M., Altaim, T. A., Shallan, A., Gaowgzeh, R. A., Obaidat, S. M., Alfawaz, S., Al-Nassan, S. M., Neamatallah, Z., Eilayyan, O., Alabasi, U. M., & Albadi, M. (2023). Low Back Pain Prevalence among Distance Learning Students. In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Vol. 20, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010342

Heuscher, Z., Gilkey, D. P., Peel, J. L., & Kennedy, C. A. (2010). The association of self-reported backpack use and backpack weight with low back pain among college students. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 33(6), 432–437.

Ikram, M. A., Burud, I., Gobu, S. G., Ravendran, S. K., Lin, P. J., & Adibi, S. (2020). Prevalence and risk factors associated with low back pain among medical students in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study. Medical Science, 24(103), 1677–1683.

Ilic, I., Milicic, V., Grujicic, S., Macuzic, I. Z., Kocic, S., & Ilic, M. D. (2021). Prevalence and correlates of low back pain among undergraduate medical students in Serbia, a cross-sectional study. PeerJ, 9, e11055.

Miñana-Signes, V., Monfort-Pañego, M., Bosh-Bivià, A. H., & Noll, M. (2021). Prevalence of low back pain among primary school students from the city of Valencia (Spain). Healthcare, 9(3), 270.

Mongkonkansai, J., Narkkul, U., Rungruangbaiyok, C., & Punsawad, C. (2024). Exploring musculoskeletal discomfort and school bag loads among Thai primary school students: a school-based cross-sectional survey. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 30287. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81545-1

Morais, M. L., Silva, V. K. O., & Silva, J. M. N. da. (2018). Prevalence of low back pain and associated factors among physiotherapy students. BrJP, 1(3), 241–247.

Program State of New Hampshire Employee Assistance. (2020). Perceived Stress Scale Score Cut Off. C, 2.

Santos, E. D. S., Bernardes, J. M., Noll, M., Gómez-Salgado, J., Ruiz-Frutos, C., & Dias, A. (2021). Prevalence of low back pain and associated risks in school-age children. Pain Management Nursing, 22(4), 459–464.

Sany, S. A., Tanjim, T., & Hossain, M. I. (2021). Low back pain and associated risk factors among medical students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. F1000Research, 10, 698. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.55151.3

Situmeang, I. F., Ilmidin, & Sarasnita, N. (2023). The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain Among Healthcare Workers in Asia. The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 12(3), 449–456.

Sugiyono. (2016). Metode penelitian kunatitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta, Bandung.

Tavares, C., Salvi, C. S., Nisihara, R., & Skare, T. (2019). Low back pain in Brazilian medical students: a cross-sectional study in 629 individuals. Clinical Rheumatology, 38(3), 939–942. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4323-8

Vaughan, R. (2017). Oversampling in health surveys: Why, when, and how? In American Journal of Public Health (Vol. 107, Issue 8, pp. 1214–1215). American Public Health Association.

Wong, A. Y. L., Chan, L. L. Y., Lo, C. W. T., Chan, W. W. Y., Lam, K. C. K., Bao, J. C. H., Ferreira, M. L., & Armijo‐Olivo, S. (2021). Prevalence/incidence of low back pain and associated risk factors among nursing and medical students: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Pm&r, 13(11), 1266–1280.

Yirdaw, G., Lamore, Y., Lette, A., & Daba, S. (2021). Back and upper body musculoskeletal pain and associated factors among medicine and nursing practicing students at university of Gondar, Ethiopia. African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 20(7), 88–97.

Zamri, E. N., Hoe, V. C. W., & Moy, F. M. (2020). Predictors of low back pain among secondary school teachers in Malaysia: a longitudinal study. Industrial Health, 58(3), 254–264. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.2019-0106

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbkes.v12i1.25637