The Understanding of Household Livelihood Diversity on Production Forest Areas: A Preliminary Survey on Social Studies

Fajar Julian Santosa, Widiyanto Widiyanto, Dwiningtyas Padmaningrum, Cahyo Wisnu Rubiyanto

Abstract


Forest resources play an essential role in supporting the livelihoods of forest farming households. Households in this area depend heavily on forest-related activities as a source of income and livelihood. However, forest farming households are often faced with various challenges and uncertainties due to climate change, market fluctuations, limited access to land ownership, lack of infrastructure and technological support, and developments in socio-economic conditions that change the values and structure of people's lives. This study is a preliminary survey as an initial process of collecting information and data before carrying out the primary research. This preliminary survey aims to gain an initial understanding of the diversity of forest farmer household livelihoods. Data was collected through a rapid study of 30 households in Gandu Village. Then, data was identified according to information needs and planning the next steps. The results of this study show that forest farming households in Gandu Village diversify their livelihoods in both the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. The diversity value in the non-agricultural sector shows an average figure of 2.1, which means that each household does not only depend on one source of income. However, they will diversify the number of livelihoods in the amount of 2.1 to meet their household's living needs. The findings of this preliminary survey can become initial data and contribute to further research.

Keywords


farmer; forest area; household; livelihood diversity; preliminary survey

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alemu, F. M. (2023). Measuring the intensity of rural livelihood diversification strategies, and Its impacts on rural households’ welfare: Evidence from South Gondar zone, Amahara Regional State, Ethiopia. MethodsX, 10, 102191. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2023.102191

Ayana, G. F., Megento, T. L., & Kussa, F. G. (2022). The extent of livelihood diversification on the determinants of livelihood diversification in Assosa Wereda, Western Ethiopia. GeoJournal, 87(4), 2525–2549. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-021-10379-5

Chen, R., Ye, C., Cai, Y., Xing, X., & Chen, Q. (2014). The impact of rural out-migration on land use transition in China: Past, present and trend. Land Use Policy, 40, 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.10.003

Ellis, F. (1998). Household strategies and rural livelihood diversification. Journal of Development Studies, 35(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220389808422553

Ellis, F. (1999). Rural Livelihood Diversity in Developing Countries: Evidence and Policy Implications. Overseas Development Institute, London, (40). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10535/4486

Faure, N., Ichou, B., & Venisnik, T. (2019). Communities at the heart of forest management : How can the law make a difference ? (February), 63. Retrieved from https://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G04396.pdf

Gautam, Y., & Andersen, P. (2016). Rural livelihood diversi fi cation and household well-being : Insights from Humla , Nepal. Journal of Rural Studies, 44, 239–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.02.001

Habib-ur-Rahman, M., Ahmad, A., Raza, A., Hasnain, M. U., Alharby, H. F., Alzahrani, Y. M., … EL Sabagh, A. (2022). Impact of climate change on agricultural production; Issues, challenges, and opportunities in Asia. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.925548

Harvey, C. A., Rakotobe, Z. L., Rao, N. S., Dave, R., Razafimahatratra, H., Rabarijohn, R. H., … MacKinnon, J. L. (2014). Extreme vulnerability of smallholder farmers to agricultural risks and climate change in Madagascar. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 369(1639). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0089

Izzudin, M., Santoso, A. D., Baiquni, M., & Nugroho, A. S. (2022). Community livelihood diversification as a result of mining industry activities : a case study of soligi village, south halmahera. 11(1), 176–187.

Kaiser, N., & Barstow, C. K. (2022). Rural Transportation Infrastructure in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Review of Impacts, Implications, and Interventions. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042149

Kalita, M., Talukdar, R., Das, N., & Das, A. (2020). Livelihood diversification as a strategy of livelihood among farm households: a study with special reference to border villages of udalguri district. 11(12), 1840–1845.

Kimengsi, J. N., Pretzsch, J., Kechia, M. A., & Ongolo, S. (2019). Measuring livelihood diversification and forest conservation choices: Insights from rural Cameroon. Forests, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/f10020081

Langat, D. K., Maranga, E. K., Aboud, A. A., & Cheboiwo, J. K. (2016). Role of Forest Resources to Local Livelihoods: The Case of East Mau Forest Ecosystem, Kenya. International Journal of Forestry Research, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4537354

Lin, Y., & He, C. (2021). Evaluation of livelihood sustainability in the context of natural forest land degradation vulnerability: A case study of five counties in china. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126580

Ma, L., Chen, M., Che, X., & Fang, F. (2019). Farmers’ rural-to-urban migration, influencing factors and development framework: A case study of sihe village of Gansu, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16050877

Minoura, K., & Hiramatsu, K. (1997). On the significance of an intensive survey in relation to community response to noise. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 205(4), 461–465. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.1997.1012

Moktan, M. R., Norbu, L., & Choden, K. (2016). Can community forestry contribute to household income and sustainable forestry practices in rural area? A case study from Tshapey and Zariphensum in Bhutan. Forest Policy and Economics, 62, 149–157. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2015.08.011

Muis, A., Basir, M., Moelyono, M., & Anam, H. (2017). Studying the Livelihood Diversification of Landowner Farmer in Tondong Tallasa Subdistrict of Pangkajene and Kepulauan District. 6(5), 9–19.

Mwangi, M., & Kariuki, S. (2015). Factors Determining Adoption of New Agricultural Technology by Smallholder Farmers in Developing Countries. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 6(5), 2222–1700. Retrieved from www.iiste.org

Niehof, A. (2004). The significance of diversification for rural livelihood systems. Food Policy, 29(4), 321–338. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2004.07.009

Padoch, C., Brondizio, E., Costa, S., Pinedo-Vasquez, M., Sears, R. R., & Siqueria, A. (2008). Urban forest and rural cities: Multi-sited households, consumption patterns, and forest resources in Amazonia. Ecology and Society, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-02526-130202

Peng, W., Robinson, B. E., Zheng, H., Li, C., Wang, F., & Li, R. (2022). The limits of livelihood diversification and sustainable household well-being, evidence from China. Environmental Development, 43, 100736. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2022.100736

Pujiriyani, D. W., Soetarto, E., Santosa, D. A., & Agusta, I. (2019). Rural Hierarchy of Prosperity : A Study of Livelihood Diversification and Its Implications on Rurality. 1–19.

Rubiyanto, C. W., & Hirota, I. (2022). The Livelihood Transition and Diversification Strategies of Mountain Villages after Road Development : Tropical Agriculture Development, 66(4), 113–129.

Salimah, N. (2016). Family Capitals , Livelihood Strategies , and Family Well-Being of Plantation Worker. 01(01), 13–23.

Schwarze, S., & Zeller, M. (2005). Income diversification of rural households in Central Sulawesi , Indonesia. 44(1), 61–73.

Scoones, I. (2009). Livelihoods perspectives and rural development. Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 171–196. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150902820503

Tesfaye, Y., Roos, A., Campbell, B. M., & Bohlin, F. (2011). Livelihood strategies and the role of forest income in participatory-managed forests of Dodola area in the bale highlands, southern Ethiopia. Forest Policy and Economics, 13(4), 258–265. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2011.01.002

Wood, S. L. R., Rhemtulla, J. M., & Coomes, O. T. (2016). Intensification of tropical fallow-based agriculture: Trading-off ecosystem services for economic gain in shifting cultivation landscapes? Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 215, 47–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.09.005




DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/issj.v5i2.10468

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 

The Innovation of Social Studies Journal (ISSJ) has been indexed and abstracted by:

     



Managed by:

SOCIAL SCIENCE EDUCATION, LAMBUNG MANGKURAT UNIVERSITY

Jl. Brigadier General H. Hasan Basry, ULM Banjarmasin Campus, Banjarmasin City, North Banjarmasin District, Postal Code 70123, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia


Journal License:


Journal of The Innovation of Social Studies Journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License