Development of webtoon-assisted CTL digital media on nervous system material to reduce misconceptions and increase motivation of class XI student
Abstract
Conceptual understanding is an essential aspect of biology learning, yet students often experience low mastery of concepts and misconceptions. This development study aimed to develop and evaluate the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of a webtoon-assisted Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) digital comic on the nervous system to reduce misconceptions and improve students’ learning motivation. The study applied the ADDIE development model, consisting of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. The participants were 60 grade XI students divided into experimental and control groups. Data were collected using a Three-tier Misconception Test and a validated learning motivation questionnaire. Data analysis employed MANOVA and N-gain calculations to determine reductions in misconceptions and improvements in motivation. The findings revealed that the developed digital comic was valid according to media experts (4.1; acceptable) and material experts (4.5; very acceptable). It was also considered highly practical based on teacher responses (3.61) and student responses (3.38). Furthermore, the digital comic proved effective in reducing misconceptions and increasing learning motivation, indicated by significant differences between the experimental and control groups (Wilks’ Lambda = 0.014). The experimental group achieved a moderate reduction in misconceptions (N-gain = 0.42) and a low increase in learning motivation (N-gain = 0.16). These findings demonstrate the potential of digital webtoons integrated with CTL to reduce misunderstandings and support learning motivation. These findings also contribute to the development of contextual digital media for biology education.
Abstrak. Pemahaman konseptual merupakan aspek penting dalam pembelajaran biologi, namun siswa sering kali mengalami penguasaan konsep yang rendah dan memiliki kesalahpahaman. Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan serta mengevaluasi validitas, kepraktisan, dan efektivitas komik digital berbasis webtoon yang mengadopsi pendekatan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Kontekstual (CTL) mengenai sistem saraf guna mengurangi miskonsepsi dan meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menerapkan model pengembangan ADDIE, yang terdiri dari tahap Analisis, Desain, Pengembangan, Implementasi, dan Evaluasi. Peserta penelitian adalah 60 siswa kelas XI yang dibagi menjadi kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan Uji miskonsepsi tiga tingkat dan kuesioner motivasi belajar yang telah divalidasi. Analisis data menggunakan MANOVA dan perhitungan N-gain untuk menentukan pengurangan miskonsepsi dan peningkatan motivasi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa komik digital yang dikembangkan valid menurut ahli media (4,1; dapat diterima) dan ahli materi (4,5; sangat dapat diterima). Komik tersebut juga dianggap sangat praktis berdasarkan tanggapan guru (3,61) dan siswa (3,38). Selain itu, komik digital terbukti efektif dalam mengurangi miskonsepsi dan meningkatkan motivasi belajar, yang ditunjukkan oleh perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol (Wilks’ Lambda = 0,014). Kelompok eksperimen mencapai pengurangan miskonsepsi yang moderat (N-gain = 0,42) dan peningkatan motivasi belajar yang rendah (N-gain = 0,16). Temuan-temuan ini menunjukkan potensi komik digital webtoon yang terintegrasi dengan CTL dalam mengurangi kesalahpahaman dan mendukung motivasi belajar. Temuan-temuan ini juga berkontribusi pada pengembangan media digital kontekstual untuk pendidikan biologi.
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